This case study describes a recently vaccinated child who developed a vaccine-strain measles infection. The author indicates the need for virus detection as opposed to antibody screening to differentiate between infection caused by vaccines and wild-type.

PMID: 

Euro Surveill. 2010 Sep 2 ;15(35). Epub 2010 Sep 2. PMID: 20822734

Abstract Title: 

Spotlight on measles 2010: excretion of vaccine strain measles virus in urine and pharyngeal secretions of a child with vaccine associated febrile rash illness, Croatia, March 2010.

Abstract: 

We describe excretion of measles vaccine strain Schwarz in a child who developed a febrile rash illness eight days after primary immunisation against measles, mumps and rubella. Throat swabs and urine specimens were collected on the fifth and sixth day of illness, respectively. Genotyping demonstrated measles vaccine strain Schwarz (genotype A). If measles and rubella were not under enhanced surveillance in Croatia, the case would have been either misreported as rubella or not recognised at all.

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