PMID: 

J Clin Oncol. 2009 Nov 20 ;27(33):5565-72. Epub 2009 Oct 13. PMID: 19826127

Abstract Title: 

Mobile phone use and risk of tumors: a meta-analysis.

Abstract: 

PURPOSE: Case-control studies have reported inconsistent findings regarding the association between mobile phone use and tumor risk. We investigated these associations using a meta-analysis.METHODS: We searched MEDLINE (PubMed), EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library in August 2008. Two evaluators independently reviewed and selected articles based on predetermined selection criteria.RESULTS: Of 465 articles meeting our initial criteria, 23 case-control studies, which involved 37,916 participants (12,344 patient cases and 25,572 controls), were included in the final analyses. Compared with never or rarely having used a mobile phone, the odds ratio for overall use was 0.98 for malignant and benign tumors (95% CI, 0.89 to 1.07) in a random-effects meta-analysis of all 23 studies. However, a significant positive association (harmful effect) was observed in a random-effects meta-analysis of eight studies using blinding, whereas a significant negative association (protective effect) was observed in a fixed-effects meta-analysis of 15 studies not using blinding. Mobile phone use of 10 years or longer was associated with a risk of tumors in 13 studies reporting this association (odds ratio = 1.18; 95% CI, 1.04 to 1.34). Further, these findings were also observed in the subgroup analyses by methodologic quality of study. Blinding and methodologic quality of study were strongly associated with the research group.CONCLUSION: The current study found that there is possible evidence linking mobile phone use to an increased risk of tumors from a meta-analysis of low-biased case-control studies. Prospective cohort studies providing a higher level of evidence are needed.

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PMID: 

Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess. 2019 Jul 30:1-8. Epub 2019 Jul 30. PMID: 31361189

Abstract Title: 

LC-MS/MS analysis of bisphenol S and five other bisphenols in total diet food samples.

Abstract: 

It is already known that bisphenol S (BPS) has been used as a substitute for BPA in thermal papers in recent years. It is not clear, however, if BPS has also been used to replace BPA in can coatings as currently being speculated due to a lack of credible studies on migration of BPS from can coatings and occurrence data of BPS in foods. In this study, an LC-MS/MS method was developed for the analysis of BPS, along with several other bisphenols, and method detection limits for BPS varied from 0.0017 to 3.1 ng/g depending on the type of sample matrix and the amount of sample analysed. This method was used to analyse 159 different food composite samples from a recent Canadian total diet study. Bisphenol E (BPE), bisphenol B (BPB), and bisphenol AF (BPAF) were not detected in any of the 159 food composite samples, bisphenol F (BPF) was detected in only three samples (25-2360 ng/g), and bisphenol A (BPA) was detected in 10 samples (5.3-41 ng/g) which were all prepared from canned foods. BPS was not detected in any of the canned food composite samples but was detected in nine food composite samples prepared from meat and meat products (1.2-35 ng/g), indicating sources for BPS other than can coatings may be possible, which will be investigated in future studies.

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PMID: 

Neurology. 2002 Apr 23 ;58(8):1304-6. PMID: 11971109

Abstract Title: 

Handheld cellular telephones and risk of acoustic neuroma.

Abstract: 

The hypothesis that intracranial energy deposition from handheld cellular telephones causes acoustic neuroma was tested in an epidemiologic study of 90 patients and 86 control subjects. The relative risk was 0.9 (p = 0.07) and did not vary significantly by the frequency, duration, and lifetime hours of use. In patients who used cellular telephones, the tumor occurred more often on the contralateral than ipsilateral side of the head. Further efforts should focus on potentially longer induction periods.

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PMID: 

JAMA. 2000 Dec 20 ;284(23):3001-7. PMID: 11122586

Abstract Title: 

Handheld cellular telephone use and risk of brain cancer.

Abstract: 

CONTEXT: A relative paucity of data exist on the possible health effects of using cellular telephones.OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that using handheld cellular telephones is related to the risk of primary brain cancer.DESIGN AND SETTING: Case-control study conducted in 5 US academic medical centers between 1994 and 1998 using a structured questionnaire.PATIENTS: A total of 469 men and women aged 18 to 80 years with primary brain cancer and 422 matched controls without brain cancer.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Risk of brain cancer compared by use of handheld cellular telephones, in hours per month and years of use.RESULTS: The median monthly hours of use were 2.5 for cases and 2.2 for controls. Compared with patients who never used handheld cellular telephones, the multivariate odds ratio (OR) associated with regular past or current use was 0.85 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.6-1.2). The OR for infrequent users (10.1 h/mo) was 0.7 (95% CI, 0.3-1.4). The mean duration of use was 2.8 years for cases and 2.7 years for controls; no association with brain cancer was observed according to duration of use (P =.54). In cases, cerebral tumors occurred more frequently on the same side of the head where cellular telephones had been used (26 vs 15 cases; P =.06), but in the cases with temporal lobe cancer a greater proportion of tumors occurred in the contralateral than ipsilateral side (9 vs 5 cases; P =.33). The OR was less than 1.0 for all histologic categories of brain cancer except for uncommon neuroepitheliomatous cancers (OR, 2.1; 95% CI, 0.9-4.7).CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that use of handheld cellular telephones is not associated with risk of brain cancer, but further studies are needed to account for longer induction periods, especially for slow-growing tumors with neuronal features.

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PMID: 

Neuroepidemiology. 2006 ;27(1):55-6. Epub 2006 Jul 3. PMID: 16825795

Abstract Title: 

Mobile telephones and rates of brain cancer.

Abstract: 

The risk of most primary brain cancers including gliomas and acoustic neuromas is unrelated to the use of mobile telephones in several studies. The long-term effects of mobile phones remain to be determined. An increased risk caused by short-term mobile phone use was reported for neuroepithelial tumors, a rare histologic subgroup of brain cancers that are characterized by neuronal features. We analyzed time trends in the age-adjusted incidence rate of adult neuronal cancers in the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results program from 1973 to 2002. The rates did not change during this period, despite the exponential increase in mobile phone subscriptions starting in 1984. These results indicate that mobile phone use is unrelated to the risk of neuronal cancers.

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PMID: 

Int J Biol Macromol. 2019 Aug 7 ;139:842-849. Epub 2019 Aug 7. PMID: 31400422

Abstract Title: 

Pumpkin polysaccharides: Purification, characterization and hypoglycemic potential.

Abstract: 

The separation and purification of pumpkin polysaccharide by aqueous two-phase system combined with DEAE cellulose-52 column chromatography. There are two purified polysaccharides, neutral fractions (ATPS-PP-1) (7.67 kDa) and acidic fractions (ATPS-PP-2) (8.83 kDa), were obtained from pumpkin powder which were subsequently characterized structurally. The backbone of ATPS-PP-1 comprised of (1 → 3)-linked-Glcp having branching points at O-3 of (1 → 3,4)-linked-Glcp with terminal Glcp as side chain. ATPS-PP-2, on the other hand, comprised of 1 → Glcp, (1 → 3)-linked-Galp, (1 → 6)-linked-Glcp, (1 → 3,6)-linked-Glcp and (1 → 4)-linked-Glcp as backbone. And ATPS-PP-1with small molecular weight and the backbone consisted of (1 → 3) glycosidic linkages has better hypoglycemic activity. Significant protection was conferred on streptozotocin damaged islet β cells by ATPS-PPs (neutral fractions and acidic fractions). Such protective effect was demonstrated by ATPS-PPs' ability to lower Nitric oxide levels by inhibiting NF-κB mRNA overexpression and afterwards down regulation iNOS mRNA expression, eventually minimizing cell oxidative damage caused by STZ and restoring the normal levels of superoxide dismutase.

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PMID: 

Bioelectromagnetics. 2007 May ;28(4):326-30. PMID: 17330851

Abstract Title: 

Prevalence of subjective poor health symptoms associated with exposure to electromagnetic fields among university students.

Abstract: 

The number of people complaining about different symptoms that may be associated with exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMF) has increased rapidly during past years. Students use both mobile phones and video display terminals frequently. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association of mobile phone use and EMF health hazards. Basic demographic data and self-reported symptoms were sought using a questionnaire administered to all apparently healthy students at Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences (RUMS) and Vali-e-Asr University (VAU). Questions about some major confounding factors such as age, gender, amount of video display terminal work were also included. Exact Fischer Test was used for data analysis. Among self-reported symptoms, headache (53.5%), fatigue (35.6%), difficulties in concentration (32.5%), vertigo/dizziness (30.4%), attention disorders (28.8%), nervousness (28.1%), palpitation (14.7%), low back pain (14.3%), myalgia (12.4%), and tinnitus (9.9%) were the main self-reported symptoms. No significant differences in the prevalence of these symptoms were found between CRT users and those who did not use CRTs. A significant association was found between cordless phone use and difficulties in concentration (P

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PMID: 

Oman Med J. 2009 Oct ;24(4):274-8. PMID: 22216380

Abstract Title: 

Alterations in TSH and Thyroid Hormones following Mobile Phone Use.

Abstract: 

OBJECTIVES: In recent years, the widespread use of mobile phones has lead to a public debate about possible detrimental effects on human health. In spite of years of research, there is still a great controversy regarding the possibility of induction of any significant physiological effects in humans by microwave radiations emitted by mobile phones. This study aims to investigate the effects of electromagnetic fields induced by the Global System for Mobile communications (GSM) mobile phones on the Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) and thyroid hormones in humans.
METHODS: 77 healthy university students participated in this study. The levels of T3, T4 and TSH were measured by using appropriate enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits (Human, Germany).
RESULTS: The average levels of T3, T4 and TSH in students who moderately used mobile phones were 1.25±0.27 ng/ml, 7.76±1.73 µg/dl and 4.25±2.12 µu/l respectively. The levels in the students who severely used mobile phones were 1.18±0.30, 7.75±1.14 and 3.75±2.05 respectively. In non-users, the levels were 1.15±0.27, 8.42±2.72 and 2.70±1.75, respectively. The difference among the levels ofTSH in these 3 groups was statistically significant (P<0.05).
CONCLUSION: As far as the study is concerned, this is the first human study to assess the associations between mobile phone use and alterations in the levels of TSH and thyroid hormones. Based on the findings, a higher than normal TSH level, low mean T4 and normal T3 concentrations in mobile users were observed. It seems that minor degrees of thyroid dysfunction with a compensatory rise in TSH may occur following excessive use of mobile phones. It may be concluded that possible deleterious effects of mobile microwaves on hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis affects the levels of these hormones.

PMID: 

Phytomedicine. 2016 Nov 15 ;23(12):1383-1391. Epub 2016 Aug 10. PMID: 27765358

Abstract Title: 

Sennoside A, derived from the traditional chinese medicine plant Rheum L., is a new dual HIV-1 inhibitor effective on HIV-1 replication.

Abstract: 

BACKGROUND: Despite the availability of effective antiretroviral therapies, drugs for HIV-1 treatment with new mode of action are still needed. An innovative approach is aimed to identify dual HIV-1 inhibitors, small molecules that can inhibit two viral functions at the same time. Rhubarb, originated from Rheum palmatum L. and Rheum officinale Baill., is one of the earliest and most commonly used medicinal plants in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) practice. We wanted to explore TCM for the identification of new chemical scaffolds with dual action abilities against HIV-1.METHODS: R. palmatum L. and R. officinale Baill. extracts along with their main single isolated constituents anthraquinone derivatives were tested on both HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase (RT)-associated DNA Polymerase (RDDP) and Ribonuclease H (RNase H) activities in biochemical assays. Active compounds were then assayed for their effects on HIV-1 mutated RTs, integrase (IN) and viral replication.RESULTS: Both R. palmatum L. and R. officinale Baill. extracts inhibited the HIV-1 RT-associated RNase H activity. Among the isolated constituents, Sennoside A and B were effective on both RDDP and RNase H RT-associated functions in biochemical assays. Sennoside A was less potent when tested on K103N, Y181C, Y188L, N474A and Q475A mutated RTs, suggesting the involvement of two RT binding sites for its antiviral activity. Sennoside A affected also HIV-1 IN activity in vitro and HIV-1 replication in cell-based assays. Viral DNA production and time of addition studies showed that Sennoside A targets the HIV-1 reverse transcription process.CONCLUSION: Sennoside A is a new scaffold for the development of HIV-1 dual RT inhibitors.

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PMID: 

Epidemiology. 2000 Mar ;11(2):118-27. PMID: 11021607

Abstract Title: 

Radiofrequency exposure and mortality from cancer of the brain and lymphatic/hematopoietic systems.

Abstract: 

The proliferation of wireless communication technologies has raised public concern regarding potential health effects of radiofrequency (RF) exposures. This is the first report of findings from a large-cohort mortality study among employees of Motorola, a manufacturer of wireless communication products. We examined all major causes of mortality, with brain cancers, lymphomas, and leukemias as a priori outcomes of interest. Using job titles, we classified workers into high, moderate, low, and background RF exposure groups. A total of 195,775 workers contributed 2.7 million person-years during the 1976-1996 period. Using external comparisons, the standardized mortality ratios for RF-exposed workers were 0.53 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.21-1.09] and 0.54 (95% CI = 0.33-0.83) for central nervous system/brain cancers and all lymphomas/leukemias. Rate ratios calculated from Poisson regression models based on internal comparisons were near 1.0 for brain cancers and below 1.0 for all lymphomas and leukemias. These findings were consistent across cumulative, peak, and usual exposure classifications. We did not observe higher risk with increased exposure duration or latency. Although this study is limited by the use of a qualitative exposure matrix and the relatively young age of the cohort, our findings do not support an association between occupational RF exposure and brain cancers or lymphoma/leukemia.

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