PMID: 

Cancer Causes Control. 2003 Apr ;14(3):251-7. PMID: 12814204

Abstract Title: 

Trends in the incidence of ocular melanoma in the United States, 1974-1998.

Abstract: 

BACKGROUND: A recent report noted a fourfold risk of ocular melanoma associated with employment in occupations involving use of cellular telephones.METHODS: To aid interpretation of this finding, and clarify how subsite-specific temporal variation in incidence of ocular melanoma compares with that for cutaneous melanoma, we examined time trends in the incidence of melanoma among whites in the United States, based on data collected through the surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program for 1974-1998.RESULTS: The incidence of ocular melanoma decreased over time in both sexes, with no indication of a recent increase during the 1990s. The annual percent change was -0.7% for males (95% confidence interval: -2.3, 0.9) and -1.2% for females (95% confidence interval: -2.5, 0.0). Time trends appeared to differ by subsite of ocular melanoma; rates were flat for the choroid, decreased for the ciliary body, and increased for the conjunctiva (among males only) beginning in the 1980s. In contrast, all subsites of cutaneous melanoma, including the face and adjacent areas, showed marked increases in incidence over the observation period.CONCLUSIONS: The dramatic increase in use of cellular telephones has not been accompanied by an increase in the incidence of ocular melanoma. Further study is required to explain the different time trends for subsites of ocular melanoma, and for ocular versus facial and other cutaneous melanomas.

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PMID: 

Complement Med Res. 2019 ;26(1):39-46. Epub 2018 Dec 15. PMID: 30572339

Abstract Title: 

[Salvia officinalis Reduces the Severity of the Premenstrual Syndrome].

Abstract: 

BACKGROUND: This study aims to investigate the effects of Salvia officinalis on the severity of the premenstrual syndrome (PMS).METHODS: This was a triple-blinded randomized clinical trial on 90 college students in Tehran, Iran. The participants were randomly divided into 2 groups who were treated with 500-mg Salvia officinalis capsules or placebo once a day for 2 consecutive months. Data were collected using a questionnaire and a daily form for recording symptoms of PMS.RESULTS: The mean decreases in severity of the symptoms in the Salvia officinalis extract-treated group during the first and second months after treatment were 19.84% and 23.42%, respectively. The comparison of the PMS physical and psychological symptoms demonstrated a decrease following treatment in both groups, with more remarkable reduction in the Salvia officinalis group (p

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PMID: 

Occup Environ Med. 2010 Dec ;67(12):804-8. Epub 2010 Jun 23. PMID: 20573849

Abstract Title: 

Tinnitus and mobile phone use.

Abstract: 

OBJECTIVES: The mechanisms that produce tinnitus are not fully understood. While tinnitus can be associated with diseases and disorders of the ear, retrocochlear diseases and vascular pathologies, there are few known risk factors for tinnitus apart from these conditions. There is anecdotal evidence of an link between mobile phone use and tinnitus, but so far there have been no systematic investigations into this possible association.METHODS: 100 consecutive patients presenting with tinnitus were enrolled in an individually matched case-control study. For each case a control subject was randomly selected from visiting outpatients matched for sex and age. The patient's history was obtained and clinical examinations were conducted to exclude patients with known underlying causes of tinnitus. Mobile phone use was assessed based on the Interphone Study protocol. ORs were computed by conditional logistic regression with years of education and living in an urban area as covariates.RESULTS: Mobile phone use up to the index date (onset of tinnitus) on the same side as the tinnitus did not have significantly elevated ORs for regular use and intensity or for cumulative hours of use. The risk estimate was significantly elevated for prolonged use (≥4 years) of a mobile phone (OR 1.95; CI 1.00 to 3.80).CONCLUSIONS: Mobile phone use should be included in future investigations as a potential risk factor for developing tinnitus.

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PMID: 

Occup Environ Med. 2006 May ;63(5):307-13. PMID: 16621850

Abstract Title: 

Subjective symptoms, sleeping problems, and cognitive performance in subjects living near mobile phone base stations.

Abstract: 

BACKGROUND: The erection of mobile telephone base stations in inhabited areas has raised concerns about possible health effects caused by emitted microwaves.METHODS: In a cross-sectional study of randomly selected inhabitants living in urban and rural areas for more than one year near to 10 selected base stations, 365 subjects were investigated. Several cognitive tests were performed, and wellbeing and sleep quality were assessed. Field strength of high-frequency electromagnetic fields (HF-EMF) was measured in the bedrooms of 336 households.RESULTS: Total HF-EMF and exposure related to mobile telecommunication were far below recommended levels (max. 4.1 mW/m2). Distance from antennae was 24-600 m in the rural area and 20-250 m in the urban area. Average power density was slightly higher in the rural area (0.05 mW/m2) than in the urban area (0.02 mW/m2). Despite the influence of confounding variables, including fear of adverse effects from exposure to HF-EMF from the base station, there was a significant relation of some symptoms to measured power density; this was highest for headaches. Perceptual speed increased, while accuracy decreased insignificantly with increasing exposure levels. There was no significant effect on sleep quality.CONCLUSION: Despite very low exposure to HF-EMF, effects on wellbeing and performance cannot be ruled out, as shown by recently obtained experimental results; however, mechanisms of action at these low levels are unknown.

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PMID: 

Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2019 ;2019:1702378. Epub 2019 Jun 24. PMID: 31341489

Abstract Title: 

, Rosmarinic and Caffeic Acids Attenuate Neuropathic Pain and Improve Function Recovery after Sciatic Nerve Chronic Constriction in Mice.

Abstract: 

The leaves of. have a traditional reputation for the management of pain in Morocco. This study was conducted to investigate the curative effects of(SO) and its major constituents Rosmarinic (ROS) and Caffeic acids (CAF) on peripheral neuropathic pain in mice. Chronic constriction injury (CCI) was induced in mice, and neuropathic pain behaviors tests were evaluated by mechanical, chemical, thermal sensation tests and functional recovery of the sciatic nerve at different time intervals,., (day 0, 1, 7, 14, and 21). Ethanolic extract of SO (100 and 200 mg/kg,), ROS (10 and 20 mg/kg,), CAF (30 and 40 mg/kg,), and CLOM (5 mg/kg,, a positive control) was given for 21 days after surgery. Hematological and biochemical parameters were also measured as well as histopathological analysis. CCI produced significant development in mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia, cold allodynia, and rise in the sciatic functional index in mice. Chronic treatments with SO extract, ROS, CAF, and CLOM for 3 weeks significantly increased mechanical sensibility, cold, and thermal withdrawal latency and enhanced functional recovery of the injured nerve. The same treatments remarkably ameliorated hematological parameters and did not alter biochemical levels. The histopathological findings had revealed the protective effect of SO, ROS, and CAF against the CCI-induced damage. Our data support the use of SO in folk medicine to alleviate pain. Their main phenolic constituents could be promising antineuropathic compounds, which may be attributed to their biological activities including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective effects. SO leaves may be a good candidate to treat neuropathic pain.

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PMID: 

Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique. 2007 Oct ;55(5):321-32. Epub 2007 Sep 11. PMID: 17851009

Abstract Title: 

[Cell Phones and Risk of brain and acoustic nerve tumours: the French INTERPHONE case-control study].

Abstract: 

BACKGROUND: Use of cell phones has increased dramatically since 1992 when they were first introduced in France. Certain electromagnetic fields (at extremely low frequency) have been recognized as possibly carcinogenic by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. Given the use of radiofrequency technology in cell phones, the rapid increase in the number of cell phones has generated concerns about the existence of a potential health hazard. To evaluate the relationship between the use of cell phones and the development of tumors of the head, a multicentric international study (INTERPHONE), coordinated by the International Agency for Research on Cancer, was carried out in 13 countries. This publication reports the results of the French part of the INTERPHONE study.METHODS: INTERPHONE is a case-control study focused on tumors of the brain and central nervous system: gliomas, meningiomas and neuromas of cranial nerves. Eligible cases were men and women, residents of Paris or Lyon, aged 30-59, newly diagnosed with a first primary tumor between February 2001 and August 2003. The diagnoses were all either histologically confirmed or based upon unequivocal radiological images. Controls were matched for gender, age (+/-5 years) and place of residence. They were randomly drawn from electoral rolls. Detailed information was collected for all subjects during a computer-assisted face-to-face interview. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate the odds ratio (OR) for an association between the use of cell phones and risk of each type of cancer.RESULTS: Regular cell phone use was not associated with an increased risk of neuroma (OR=0,92; 95% confidence interval=[0.53-1.59]), meningioma (OR=0,74; 95% confidence interval=[0.43-1.28]) or glioma (OR=1.15; 95% confidence interval=[0.65-2.05]). Although these results are not statistically significant, a general tendency was observed for an increased risk of glioma among the heaviest users: long-term users, heavy users, users with the largest numbers of telephones.CONCLUSION: No significant increased risk for glioma, meningioma or neuroma was observed among cell phone users participating in Interphone. The statistical power of the study is limited, however. Our results, suggesting the possibility of an increased risk among the heaviest users, therefore need to be verified in the international INTERPHONE analyses.

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PMID: 

Med J Aust. 1996 Dec 2-16;165(11-12):601-5. PMID: 8985435

Abstract Title: 

Cancer incidence and mortality and proximity to TV towers.

Abstract: 

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether there is an increased cancer incidence and mortality in populations exposed to radiofrequency radiations from TV towers.DESIGN: An ecological study comparing cancer incidence and mortality, 1972-1990, in nine municipalities, three of which surround the TV towers and six of which are further away from the towers. (TV radiofrequency radiation decreases with the square of the distance from the source.) Cancer incidence and mortality data were obtained from the then Commonwealth Department of Human Services and Health. Data on frequency, power, and period of broadcasting for the three TV towers were obtained from the Commonwealth Department of Communications and the Arts. The calculated power density of the radiofrequency radiation in the exposed area ranged from 8.0 microW/cm2 near the towers to 0.2 microW/cm2 at a radius of 4km and 0.02 microW/cm2 at 12 km.SETTING: Northern Sydney, where three TV towers have been broadcasting since 1956.OUTCOME MEASURES: Rate ratios for leukaemia and brain tumour incidence and mortality, comparing the inner with the outer areas.RESULTS: For all ages, the rate ratio for total leukaemia incidence was 1.24 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.09-1.40). Among children, the rate ratio for leukaemia incidence was 1.58 (95% CI, 1.07-2.34) and for mortality it was 2.32 (95% CI, 1.35-4.01). The rate ratio for childhood lymphatic leukaemia (the most common type) was 1.55 (95% CI, 1.00-2.41) for incidence and 2.74 (95% CI, 1.42-5.27) for mortality. Brain cancer incidence and mortality were not increased.CONCLUSION: We found an association between increased childhood leukaemia incidence and mortality and proximity to TV towers.

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PMID: 

Bioinformation. 2019 ;15(3):172-178. Epub 2019 Mar 15. PMID: 31354192

Abstract Title: 

Effect of Salvia Officinalis L. and Rosmarinus Officinalis L. leaves extracts on anxiety and neural activity.

Abstract: 

Anxiety, the illness of our time, is one of the most prevalent and co-morbid psychiatric disorder that represents a significant socioeconomic burden. Conventional treatment is associated with a number of side effects and there is a need to develop new therapeutic strategies. Therefore, it is of interest to investigate the modulating effects of Salvia Officinalis L. and Rosmarinus Officinalis L. leaves extracts on anxiety using different behavioral tests, and on neural activity using the Multi-electrode array technique. Data shows the decrease of the time of the immobility associated with a significant increase in the time spent in the center of the open field arena in the treated animals compared to the controls. The number of buried marbles has also decreased in the treated animals in the marble-burying test. On the other hand results also show a decrease of the neural activity explained by a decrease of the number of spikes after 24,48 and 72 h following the addition of 12,5µg/ml of the plant leaf extracts to the neural culture. However, there were no spikes after the administration of 25µg/ml of the plants extracts.

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PMID: 

Arch Environ Health. 2003 Sep ;58(9):560-4. PMID: 15369273

Abstract Title: 

Decreased survival for childhood leukemia in proximity to television towers.

Abstract: 

Previously, an increased risk of childhood leukemia was identified among children who resided in an inner ring (radius -4 km) of 3 municipalities surrounding television towers, compared with children who resided in an outer ring (radius approximately 4-12 km) of 6 municipalities surrounding, but farther away from, the towers, which are situated in North Sydney, Australia. In the current study, the authors examined the survival experience of these children for all childhood leukemias, and for acute lymphatic leukemia (International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 9th revision [ICD-9] rubric 204.0) in particular. Of 123 cases of acute lymphatic leukemia, 29 cases (16 of whom died) were in the inner ring of municipalities nearest the towers, and 94 cases (34 of whom died) occurred in the outer, more-distant ring. There was a significant difference in survival rates between the 2 groups (log-rank test, p = 0.03; Wilcoxon, p = 0.05). The 5-yr survival in the inner ring of municipalities was 55%, and in the outer ring was 71% (i.e., subjects in the inner ring were 23% less likely to survive than those in the outer ring); at 10 yr, survival in the inner and outer rings was 33% and 62%, respectively. Following adjustment, the mortality rate ratio that the authors used to compare the inner ring with the outer ring was 2.1 (95% confidence interval = 1.1, 4.0). There was an association between residential proximity to the television towers and decreased survival among cases of childhood leukemia in North Sydney, Australia.

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PMID: 

Toxicol Lett. 2010 Mar 1 ;193(1):124-30. Epub 2009 Dec 29. PMID: 20036721

Abstract Title: 

Micronucleus frequency in buccal mucosa cells of mobile phone users.

Abstract: 

Mobile phones are being used extensively throughout the world, with more than four billion accounts existing in 2009. This technology applies electromagnetic radiation in the microwave range. Health effects of this radiation have been subject of debate for a long time, both within the scientific community and within the general public. This study investigated the effect of mobile phone use on genomic instability of the human oral cavity's mucosa cells. 131 Individuals donated buccal mucosa cells extracted by slightly scraping the oral cavity with a cotton swab. Every participant filled out a questionnaire about mobile phone use including duration of weekly use, overall period of exposure and headset usage. 13 Individuals did not use mobile phones at all, 85 reported using the mobile phone for three hours per week or less, and 33 reported use of more than three hours per week. Additionally, information on age, gender, body weight, smoking status, medication and nutrition was retrieved. For staining of the cells a procedure using alpha-tubulin-antibody and chromomycin A(3) was applied. Micronuclei and other markers were evaluated in 1000 cells per individual at the microscope. A second scorer counted another 1000 cells, resulting in 2000 analyzed cells per individual. Mobile phone use did not lead to a significantly increased frequency of micronuclei.

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