PMID: 

Pediatrics. 1958 Aug ;22(2):259-67. PMID: 13578512

Abstract Title: 

Eczema vaccinatum.

Abstract: 

[n/a]

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PMID: 

J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1987 Oct ;80(4):530-7. PMID: 3312372

Abstract Title: 

Monosodium L-glutamate-induced asthma.

Abstract: 

Ingested chemicals, including aspirin and sulfites, are becoming increasingly recognized as provokers of acute severe asthma. In order to investigate the asthma-provoking potential of the widely used flavor enhancer, monosodium L-glutamate (MSG), we challenged 32 subjects with asthma, a number of whom gave histories of severe asthma after Chinese restaurant meals or similarly spiced meals. The subjects received an additive-free diet for 5 days before challenge and were challenged in hospital, after an overnight fast, with 500 mg capsules of MSG. They were challenged in a single-blind, placebo-controlled fashion with increasing doses of MSG from 0.5 gm to 5.0 gm. Thirteen subjects reacted. Seven subjects (group 1) developed asthma and symptoms of the Chinese restaurant syndrome 1 to 2 hours after ingestion of MSG. Six subjects (group 2) did not develop symptoms of Chinese restaurant syndrome, and their asthma developed 6 to 12 hours after ingestion of MSG. These challenge studies confirm that MSG can provoke asthma. The reaction to MSG is dose dependent and may be delayed up to 12 hours, making recognition difficult for both patient and physician.

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PMID: 

Contact Dermatitis. 1992 May ;26(5):304-6. PMID: 1395591

Abstract Title: 

Vaccination granulomas and aluminium allergy: course and prognostic factors.

Abstract: 

21 children who had cutaneous granulomas following immunization with a vaccine containing aluminium hydroxide, and who had positive patch tests to aqueous aluminium chloride and/or to a Finn Chamber, were followed for 1 to 8 years. During the period of observation, the symptoms cleared in 5 children, improved in 11, and remained unchanged in 5. The course of the granulomas could not be correlated with sex or atopy, nor with intensity of the initial aluminium patch test. 4 children were patch tested again with aluminium.

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PMID: 

Ugeskr Laeger. 1992 Jun 29 ;154(27):1900-1. PMID: 1509548

Abstract Title: 

[Aluminum allergy caused by DTP vaccine].

Abstract: 

All children referred to two private dermatological practices from 1 Jan. 1985 to 31 Dec. 1990 who had pruritus and subcutaneous infiltrates in the areas of immunization with Di-Te-Pol vaccine were patch tested with a Finn Chamber or with 2% aqueous aluminium chloride. Di-Te-Pol vaccine contains aluminium hydroxide. Contact allergy to aluminium was demonstrated in 32 children (20 girls and 12 boys). Of the three patch test methods used, testing with 2% AlCl3 occluded with a Finn Chamber proved to be the most sensitive. Immunization of children who have been shown to be allergic to aluminium should be carried out with vaccines which do not contain aluminium.

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PMID: 

Vaccine. 1999 Jan 28 ;17(4):327-9. PMID: 9987170

Abstract Title: 

Urticaria following varicella vaccine associated with gelatin allergy.

Abstract: 

An uncommon reaction to varicella vaccine has been urticaria. Based on two reports of urticaria believed to be due to gelatin in recipients of measles-mumps-rubella vaccine, we suspected gelatin as the cause of generalized urticaria in two children after varicella vaccination. Intradermal testing with gelatin yielded a wheal and flare reaction in both children. We conclude that children known to be allergic to gelatin should not receive Oka/Merck varicella vaccine (VARIVAX).

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PMID: 

J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1999 Apr ;103(4):698-701. PMID: 10200022

Abstract Title: 

Anaphylaxis from yellow fever vaccine.

Abstract: 

BACKGROUND: There are very few reports of anaphylactic reactions to yellow fever (YF) vaccine in the literature, and these date from the 1940s.OBJECTIVE: We sought to estimate the rate of YF vaccine-related anaphylaxis.METHODS: All reports of adverse reactions to YF vaccine submitted to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System between 1990 and 1997 were reviewed for those meeting criteria for probable or possible anaphylactic reactions.RESULTS: Of 243 reports submitted, 40 describe probable or possible anaphylactic reactions. In 22 of these 40, YF vaccine was the only vaccine administered. There were 5,236,820 doses of YF vaccine distributed in the United States during this period. By using all 40 cases, the rate of YF vaccine-related anaphylaxis would be 40 in 5, 236,820 or about 1 in 131,000. In 35 of the reports, information was provided on whether previous doses of YF vaccine had been given. In 34 of these 35, the reaction occurred after the first dose of YF vaccine, suggesting that vaccine constituents other than the viral proteins may have been the allergens. The vaccine is grown in chicken embryos and contains gelatin as a stabilizer.CONCLUSION: YF vaccine can cause anaphylactic reactions. Persons presenting for YF vaccine should be asked if they have had adverse reactions to previous doses of this or other vaccines and if they are allergic to eggs, chicken, or gelatin. Health care workers administering YF vaccine should be prepared to recognize and treat anaphylactic reactions should they occur.

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PMID: 

Eur J Pediatr. 1999 May ;158(5):434. PMID: 10333135

Abstract Title: 

Anaphylaxis following diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccination–a reminder.

Abstract: 

[n/a]

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PMID: 

Jpn J Infect Dis. 2000 Oct ;53(5):189-95. PMID: 11135703

Abstract Title: 

Systemic allergic reactions to gelatin included in vaccines as a stabilizer.

Abstract: 

Most of the children who showed systemic immediate-type reactions, including anaphylactic shock, to measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella vaccines had IgE antibodies to gelatin; thus we suspected that the allergic symptoms are caused by gelatin antigen, which is usually included in these live-virus vaccines as a stabilizer. We hypothesized that the anti-gelatin IgE is elicited by immunization with DTaP (diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis) vaccines, which contained a small amount of gelatin as a spillover protein after purification of pertussis toxin. To test this hypothesis, we conducted a case-control study to determine whether children with anti-gelatin IgE had received gelatin-containing DTaP vaccines, and it was indeed found that all such children in the study had immunization histories that included the gelatin-containing DTaP vaccines. Based on these findings, the vaccine manufacturers had removed gelatin from all the DTaP and live-virus vaccines produced in Japan by 2000.

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PMID: 

Vaccine. 2003 Dec 8 ;22(1):64-9. PMID: 14604572

Abstract Title: 

Unexpectedly high incidence of persistent itching nodules and delayed hypersensitivity to aluminium in children after the use of adsorbed vaccines from a single manufacturer.

Abstract: 

During trials of aluminium adsorbed diphtheria-tetanus/acellular pertussis vaccines from a single producer, persistent itching nodules at the vaccination site were observed in an unexpectedly high frequency. The afflicted children were followed in a longitudinal observational study, and the presence of aluminium sensitization was investigated in the children with itching nodules and their symptomless siblings by patch tests. Itching nodules were found in 645 children out of about 76,000 vaccinees (0.8%) after both subcutaneous (s.c.) and intramuscular (i.m.) injection. The itching was intense and long-lasting. So far, 75% still have symptoms after a median duration of 4 years. Contact hypersensitivity to aluminium was demonstrated in 77% of the children with itching nodules and in 8% of the symptomless siblings who had received the same vaccines (P

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PMID: 

Ther Adv Chronic Dis. 2019 ;10:2040622319869116. Epub 2019 Aug 14. PMID: 31452866

Abstract Title: 

Combined melatonin and poricoic acid A inhibits renal fibrosis through modulating the interaction of Smad3 andβ-catenin pathway in AKI-to-CKD continuum.

Abstract: 

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the major risk factors for progression to chronic kidney disease (CKD) and renal fibrosis. However, effective therapies remain poorly understood. Here, we examined the renoprotective effects of melatonin and poricoic acid A (PAA) isolated from the surface layer of, and investigated the effects of combined therapy on the interaction of TGF-β/Smad and Wnt/β-catenin in a rat model of renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) and hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) or TGF-β1-induced HK-2 cells.Methods: Western blot and immunohistochemical staining were used to examine protein expression, while qRT-PCR was used to examine mRNA expression. Coimmunoprecipitation, chromatin immunoprecipitation, RNA interference, and luciferase reporter gene analysis were employed to explore the mechanisms of PAA and melatonin's renoprotective effects.Results: PAA and combined therapy exhibited renoprotective and antifibrotic effects, but the underlying mechanisms were different during AKI-to-CKD continuum. Melatonin suppressed Smad-dependent and Smad-independent pathways, while PAA selectively inhibited Smad3 phosphorylation through distrupting the interactions of Smad3 with TGFβRI and SARA. Further studies demonstrated that the inhibitory effects of melatonin and PAA were partially depended on Smad3, especially PAA. Melatonin and PAA also inhibited the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and its profibrotic downstream targets, and PAA performed better. We further determined that IRIinduced a nuclear Smad3/β-catenin complex, while melatonin and PAA disturbed the interaction of Smad3 and β-catenin, and supplementing with PAA could enhance the inhibitory effects of melatonin on the TGF-β/Smad and Wnt/β-catenin pathways.Conclusions: Combined melatonin and PAA provides a promising therapeutic strategy to treat renal fibrosis during the AKI-to-CKD continuum.

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