PMID: 

J Med Food. 2019 Nov 20. Epub 2019 Nov 20. PMID: 31747353

Abstract Title: 

Granules Dose-Dependently Balance Intestinal Microbiome Disorders and Ameliorate Chronic Alcohol-Induced Liver Injury.

Abstract: 

As the functions ofbecome better understood, there are increasing numbers of applications forproducts. Previously, we have demonstrated thatGG (LGG) can prevent alcoholic liver injury. LGG granules were produced by fluid bed granulation with a media composed of starch, skimmed milk powder, whey powder, microcrystalline cellulose and maltose, and LGG fermented liquid that comprised 30-50% of the total weight. We found LGG granules dose-dependently protected against chronic alcoholic liver disease. When alcohol was consumed for 8 weeks with LGG treatment during the last 2 weeks, we demonstrated that the dose dependence of LGG granules can improve alcohol-induced liver injury through decreasing the levels of lipopolysaccharide and tumor necrosis factor-in serum and prevent liver steatosis by suppressing triglyceride, free fatty acid, and malondialdehyde production in liver. Alcohol feeding caused a decline in the number of bothand, with a proportional increase in the number ofin ileum, and expansion of the Gram-negative bacteria,, andin cecum. However, LGG granule treatment restored the content of these microorganisms. In conclusion, LGG granule supplementation can improve the intestinal microbiota, reduce the number of gram-negative bacteria, and ameliorate alcoholic liver injury.

read more

PMID: 

Lett Appl Microbiol. 2020 Feb ;70(2):118-127. Epub 2019 Dec 18. PMID: 31782817

Abstract Title: 

Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG components, SLP, gDNA and CpG, exert protective effects on mouse macrophages upon lipopolysaccharide challenge.

Abstract: 

The aim of this study was to determine whether Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) components (surface layer protein, SLP; genomic DNA, gDNA; unmethylated cytosine-phosphate-guanine-containing oligodeoxynucleotide, CpG-ODN), alone or in combination, could affect immunomodulation, and evaluate the signalling mechanism in mouse macrophage RAW264.7 cells challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). LGG components were used to treat cells before LPS stimulation. Cytokine and Toll-like receptor (TLR) expression were assessed using real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), extracellular regulated protein kinase (ERK) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signalling pathways were evaluated using immunoblots and immunofluorescence. SLP or SLP + gDNA pre-treatment significantly reduced the LPS-induced mRNA expression of tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). Pre-treatment with LGG single components (SLP, gDNA or CpG) or their combinations (SLP + gDNA or SLP + CpG) significantly decreased the LPS-induced interleukin-6 (IL-6) mRNA level (P 

read more

PMID: 

Int J Med Sci. 2020 ;17(1):53-62. Epub 2020 Jan 1. PMID: 31929738

Abstract Title: 

Protective Effects of Resveratrol Supplementation on Contusion Induced Muscle Injury.

Abstract: 

Muscle injuries frequently occur in contact sports events. The current treatment options for soft tissue injuries remain suboptimal and often result in delayed or incomplete recovery of damaged muscles. Resveratrol (RES) is a phenolic phytochemical, well-known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the potential beneficial effects of RES supplementation on inflammation and regeneration in skeletal muscle after a contusion injury, in comparison to a conventional treatment of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID). After one week of acclimation, forty eight -week-old male ICR mice were randomly divided into the five groups (n=8 per group): 1) normal control (NC), 2) mass-drop injury without any treatment (mass-drop injury, MDI), 3) post-injury NSAID treatment (MDI+ 10mg/kg NSAID), 4) post-injury RES supplementation (MDI+ 25mg/kg/day RES) and 5) post-injury treatment with RES and NSAID (MDI + resveratrol+ NSAID). After muscle contusion injury of the left gastrocnemius muscle, RES or NSAID were orally administered post-injury once a day for 7 days. Results showed that the MDI group had significantly higher serum uric acid (UA), CREA (creatinine), LDH (lactic dehydrogenase) and creatine kinase (CK) than the normal control group. Treatment with resveratrol reduced muscle damage as evidenced by the significantly decreased serum levels of UA, CREA, LDH and CK after contusion-induced muscle injuries in mice. In addition, RES and RES + NSAID groups promoted muscle satellite cell regeneration with increase in desmin protein after injury. Our results suggest that resveratrol combined with NSAID potentially improve muscle recovery and may be a potential candidate for further development as an effective clinical treatment for muscle repair.

read more

PMID: 

Molecules. 2020 Jan 6 ;25(1). Epub 2020 Jan 6. PMID: 31935877

Abstract Title: 

Pterostilbene Suppresses both Cancer Cells and Cancer Stem-Like Cells in Cervical Cancer with Superior Bioavailability to Resveratrol.

Abstract: 

Increasing studies have reported that cancer stem cells (CSCs) play critical roles in therapeutic resistance, recurrence, and metastasis of tumors, including cervical cancer. Pterostilbene, a dimethylated derivative of resveratrol, is a plant polyphenol compound with potential chemopreventive activity. However, the therapeutic effect of pterostilbene against cervical CSCs remains unclear. In this study, we compared the anticancer effects of resveratrol and pterostilbene using both HeLa cervical cancer adherent and stem-like cells. Pterostilbene more effectively inhibited the growth and clonogenic survival, as well as metastatic ability of HeLa adherent cells than those of resveratrol. Moreover, the superior inhibitory effects of pterostilbene compared to resveratrol were associated with the enhanced activation of multiple mechanisms, including cell cycle arrest at S and G2/M phases, induction of ROS-mediated caspase-dependent apoptosis, and inhibition of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2/-9 expression. Notably, pterostilbene exhibited a greater inhibitory effect on the tumorsphere-forming and migration abilities of HeLa cancer stem-like cells compared to resveratrol. This greater effect was achieved through more potent inhibition of the expression levels of stemness markers, such as CD133, Oct4, Sox2, and Nanog, as well as signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 signaling. These results suggest that pterostilbene might be a potential anticancer agent targeting both cancer cells and cancer stem-like cells of cervical cancer via the superior bioavailability to resveratrol.

read more

PMID: 

Nutrients. 2020 Jan 6 ;12(1). Epub 2020 Jan 6. PMID: 31935938

Abstract Title: 

Efficacy and Safety of Resveratrol in Type 1 Diabetes Patients: A Two-Month Preliminary Exploratory Trial.

Abstract: 

Resveratrol has been reported to be beneficial against diabetes complications. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of resveratrol in decreasing hyperglycemia in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) by a preliminary investigation designed as an exploratory clinical trial. Thirteen patients with T1D from both the sexes participated in this trial. All patients received resveratrol in 500 mg capsules, twice daily for 60 days. Bodyweight, fasting blood sugar (FBS), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), insulin, homeostasis model of assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), homeostasis model of assessment forβ-cell function (HOMA-β), and markers of liver and kidney damage, inflammation, and oxidative stress were measured before the intervention, at 30 days and at 60 days. Resveratrol supplementation for 60 days significantly decreased FBS and HbA1c in comparison with the baseline values. Resveratrol treatment also resulted in a decrease in the level of a marker for oxidative stress, malondialdehyde, and an increase in total antioxidant capacity in T1D patients. Insulin, HOMA-IR, HOMA-β, and markers of liver and kidney function and inflammation were not significantly affected by resveratrol treatment. Overall, the results showed that 60 days of resveratrol supplementation exerted strong antidiabetic and antioxidant effects in patients with T1D.

read more

PMID: 

Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2018 ;11(1):48-57. Epub 2018 Jan 1. PMID: 31938086

Abstract Title: 

Resveratrol attenuates high glucose-induced cardiomyocytes injury via interfering ROS-MAPK-NF-κB signaling pathway.

Abstract: 

Cardiomyocyte inflammatory injury is likely required for cardiomyocytes death under hyperglycemia condition. Resveratrol (Res) is famous for its anti-inflammatory effect. However, there are few reports about the anti-inflammatory effect of Res induced by high glucose in cardiomyocytes. The aim of the present study is to investigate the inflammatory effect of high glucose and the anti-inflammatory effect of Res induced by high glucose in cardiomyocytes. Primary cardiomyocytes were isolated from new born SD rats and high glucose (30 mmol/L) was used as a stimulant for cell injury. Cell viability was assayed by CCK-8 method; protein expression was identified by Western blot or ELISA, respectively. The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was observed under a fluorescence microscope. The results indicated that High glucose (30 mmol/L) significantly decreased the cell viability of cardiomyocytes after co-cultivated for 12 h and had a time-dependent manner, and increased IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α secretion in cardiomyocytes. The injury effect of high glucose involved in ROS-MAPK-NF-κB signaling pathway. For the reason that antioxidant NAC, ERK1/2, p38 MAPK and NF-κB specific pathway inhibitors was able to abolish the secretion of this inflammatory factors; pretreatmentwith antioxidant NAC significantly decreased the level of phosphorylated ERK1/2, p38 MAPK and nuclear NF-κB; pretreatment of PD98059 and SB203580 can significantly decrease NF-κB level in nuclei. After treatment with Res 20 μmol/L for 12 h, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α secretion were markedly decreased, and the phosphorylation of ERK1/2, p38 MAPK and NF-κB level were also decreased. All the results showed that Res attenuates high glucose-induced inflammatory injury through ROS-ERK1/2/p38-NF-κB signaling pathway in cardiomyocytes.

read more

PMID: 

Placenta. 2020 Jan 11 ;91:11-18. Epub 2020 Jan 11. PMID: 31941613

Abstract Title: 

Resveratrol induces SIRT1-Dependent autophagy to prevent HO-Induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in HTR8/SVneo cells.

Abstract: 

INTRODUCTION: Pre-eclampsia (PE) is a serious complication of pregnancy, and the likely pathogenic basis of early onset PE are placental dysfunction and increased oxidative stress. Resveratrol (RES) is a potent antioxidant which has shown beneficial effects in many diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of RES against oxidative stress-induced damage in trophoblasts, and elucidate the potential mechanisms.METHODS: We established an in vitro model of oxidative stress by exposing the human first-trimester extravillous trophoblast cell line HTR8/SVneo to HO. The level of oxidative stress was reflected by ROS, MDA and SOD. The viability of cells was determined by the MTS assay. Apoptosis was detected using Annexin V-FITC staining and flow cytometry. Levels of SIRT1(sirtuin 1) and autophagy-related proteins (LC3, Beclin-1, p62) were detected by western blot. Autophagosomes were observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM).RESULTS: Pre-treatment with RES significantly ameliorated HO-induced cytotoxicity, morphological damage, oxidative stress and apoptosis. Mechanistically, RES restored the levels of SIRT1 and autophagy-related proteins including LC3-II, Beclin-1 and p62 that were dysregulated by HO. Blocking autophagy by 3-methyladenine (3-MA) completely abolished the protective effects of RES, as did knocking down SIRT1.CONCLUSION: RES may protect human trophoblasts against HO-induced oxidative stress by activating SIRT1-dependent autophagy, and therefore has therapeutic potential in PE.

read more

PMID: 

Plant Foods Hum Nutr. 2020 Jan 13. Epub 2020 Jan 13. PMID: 31933112

Abstract Title: 

Effects of Cocoa-Derived Polyphenols on Cognitive Function in Humans. Systematic Review and Analysis of Methodological Aspects.

Abstract: 

The effects of cocoa-derived polyphenols on cognitive functions have been analyzed through numerous studies using different interventions (doses, vehicles, time frame, cognition tests, and characteristics of participants) which may hamper the interpretation and comparison of findings across investigations. Thus, a systematic review was conducted to analyze the effects of cocoa-derived polyphenols intake on human cognition and discuss the methodological aspects that may contribute to the heterogeneity of findings. Randomized clinical trials evaluating the effect of cocoa polyphenols on cognitive function in healthy subjects were selected according to selection criteria. Twelve studies were selected. Quality was assessed according to the Cochrane risk for bias tool. The most common risk for bias was the lack of information about the sequence generation process. Effects on cognitive function were observed after consumption of 50 mg/day of (-)-epicatechin and in studies using a component-matched placebo and cocoa as the polyphenol vehicle given to healthy adults (18-50 years). Memory (n = 5) and executive function (n = 4) showed the most significant effects with medium and large effect sizes after intake of intermediate doses of cocoa flavanols (500-750 mg/day). Overall, this set of studies suggest a positive effect of cocoa polyphenols on memory and executive function. However, the available evidence is very diverse and future studies may address the identified sources of variation to strengthen current evidence on this promising field.

read more

PMID: 

J Dairy Sci. 2019 Nov ;102(11):9570-9585. Epub 2019 Aug 30. PMID: 31477303

Abstract Title: 

Protective effect of Lactobacillus fermentum CQPC04 on dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice is associated with modulation of the nuclear factor-κB signaling pathway.

Abstract: 

Colitis severely affects the quality of life of patients, and lactic acid bacteria have been reported to be able to improve or treat colitis. In this study, we selected a strain of Lactobacillus fermentum (CQPC04) with good resistance in vitro to evaluate its effect on improvement in mice with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. We analyzed the effects of L. fermentum CQPC04 on mice with colitis macroscopically via colon length and histopathology. We also used conventional biochemical and ELISA kits, real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), and Western blotting to analyze microscopically the effects of L. fermentum CQPC04 on related oxidant indices and pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in serum and colon tissue of mice. The results indicated that L. fermentum CQPC04 notably increased colon length and ameliorated pathological damage of colon tissue in colitic mice. Serum indices showed that L. fermentum CQPC04 increased the enzyme activity of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and catalase (CAT) and decreased the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO). In addition, it inhibited the release of the pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-12, and increased the release of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 in serum. The RT-qPCR experiments confirmed that L. fermentum CQPC04 downregulated the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokine nuclear factor-κB-p65 (NF-κBp65), NF-κB inhibitor-α (IκB-α), TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-6, cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and upregulated the expression of IL-10 in colon tissue. Western blot analysis indicated that L. fermentum CQPC04 significantly reduced expression of NF-κBp65, TNF-α, IL-1β, COX-2, and iNOS in mouse colon tissues, and increased expression of IκB-α and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2). Thus, L. fermentum CQPC04 could effectively alleviate the symptoms of DSS-induced colitis mice and is a potential probiotic for human experiments.

read more

PMID: 

Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2019 ;9:288. Epub 2019 Aug 7. PMID: 31440478

Abstract Title: 

Antibacterial Activity ofAgainst.

Abstract: 

(YH68) is widely used in the fields of food fermentation and biomedicine. In this study, we explored the antibacterial activity of the cell free culture supernatant (CFCS) of YH68 againstATCC 9689 (CD) by measuring multiple indexes, including the growth, spores production, toxin A/B production, and the expression levels of theandgenes of CD. In addition, we examined the changes in major cellular functional groups, structures, permeability, integrity, and the proton motive force (PMF) of the cytoplasmic membrane. The results showed that double-dilution ratio of YH68-CFCS (3× 10CFU/mL) was the MIC value. The cell density, spores production, and the toxin production of CD treated with YH68-CFCS were lower than that of the control (

read more