PMID: 

J Ethnopharmacol. 2014 Mar 28 ;152(3):464-9. Epub 2014 Jan 25. PMID: 24472663

Abstract Title: 

Effect of Cydonia oblonga Mill. fruit and leaf extracts on blood pressure and blood rheology in renal hypertensive rats.

Abstract: 

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Quince, Cydonia oblonga Mill. (COM), is used in traditional Uyghur medicine to treat or prevent cardiovascular diseases. Uyghur people have greater longevity and lower blood pressure than other central Asian populations. We therefore tested COM fruit and leaf extracts on blood pressure and rheology in renal hypertensive rats (RHR).MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two-kidney, one-clip (2K1C) renal hypertensive rats were divided randomly into eleven groups: sham, model, and model treated with daily doses of 80 and 160mg/kg aqueous or ethanol extracts of COM fruit or leaves, or 25mg/kg captopril (n=10 per group), given orally once daily for 8 weeks. Blood pressure was measured before treatment and every 2 weeks thereafter. Blood rheology was tested after 8 weeks.RESULTS: Model rats had higher blood pressure than sham 8 weeks after the procedure (systolic blood pressure 193±7 vs. 138±8mmHg, p

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PMID: 

J Ethnopharmacol. 2014 May 28 ;154(1):163-9. Epub 2014 Apr 4. PMID: 24704668

Abstract Title: 

Effects of Cydonia oblonga Miller extracts on blood hemostasis, coagulation and fibrinolysis in mice, and experimental thrombosis in rats.

Abstract: 

INTRODUCTION: Cydonia oblonga Miller (COM) is traditionally used in Uyghur medicine for the prevention of cardiovascular disease. The present study is designed to explore the effects of COM extracts on models and markers of thrombosis and related biomarkers.MATERIALS AND METHODS: 20, 40, 80 mg/kg/day COM aqueous extracts and 5mg/kg/day aspirin, orally for 14 days were compared to untreated controls in mice on bleeding and clotting times, using the tail cutting and glass slide methods and for death rates in collagen-epinephrine pulmonary thrombosis, thrombolysis in vitro and euglobulin lysis time (ELT). In rats, common carotid artery FeCl3-induced thrombus and inferior vena cava thrombosis occlusion time, plasma concentrations of thromboxane B2 (TXB2) and 6-keto-prostaglandine F1α (6-keto-PGF1α) were measured.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared to controls, COM extracts dose-dependently prolonged bleeding by 2.17, 2.78 and 3.63 times, vs. aspirin 2.58, and the clotting time by 1.44, 2.47 and 2.48 times, vs. aspirin 1.91. COM reduced pulmonary embolus mortality by 27, 40 and 53%, vs. 47% for aspirin. COM dose-dependently increased thrombolysis by 45, 55 and 63%, vs. 56% for aspirin, and shortened ELT to 71, 61 and 43%, vs. 43% for aspirin. In rats, venous occlusion time was prolonged. Arterial and venous thrombus weights were dose-dependently reduced in COM groups. TXB2 decreased and 6-keto-PGF1α increased with COM and aspirin, with an association between 6-keto-PGF1α/TXB2 and arterial or venous thrombus weight for all products, and for occlusion time with COM but not for aspirin.CONCLUSION: We confirm the experimental effects of COM on hemostasis and thrombosis. Further exploration of putative clinical effects appear justified.

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PMID: 

Zhong Yao Cai. 2015 Oct ;38(10):2134-8. PMID: 27254930

Abstract Title: 

[Anti-hypertensive Effect of Total Flavonoids of Cydonia oblonga Leaves and Its Mechanism Based on Anti-inflammatory Function].

Abstract: 

OBJECTIVE: To study the anti-hypertensive effect of total flavonoids of Cydonia oblonga leaves in spontaneously hypertensive rats, then to preliminarily investigate the mechanism of action based on anti-inflammatory function.METHODS: Spontaneously hypertensive rats were divided into six groups as spontaneously hypertensive control group (SHR), captopril group (25 mg/kg), Eucommia ulmoides group (30 mg/kg), total flavonoids of Cydonia oblonga leaves low (40 mg/kg), middle (80 mg/kg) and high dose (160 mg/kg) groups. Eight Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats were given distilled water as the control. The drugs were given by intragastric administration for 16 weeks, then the contents of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α and CRP in rats serum were detected. The weight and the blood pressure of rats were measured at 0 min and 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16 weeks after drug administrated.RESULTS: Compared with control group, the contents of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and CRP were increased and IL-10 was decreased; Compared with SHR group, the contents of IL-1β,IL-6, TNF-α and CRP were decreased in total flavonoids of Cydonia oblonga leaves groups.CONCLUSION: Total flavonoids of Cydonia oblonga leaves show an anti-hypertensive activity in spontaneously hypertensive rats and the mechanism is related to the function of anti-inflammatory.

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PMID: 

J Ethnopharmacol. 2015 Jul 1 ;169:239-43. Epub 2015 Apr 28. PMID: 25934516

Abstract Title: 

Effects of Cydonia oblonga Miller leaf and fruit flavonoids on blood lipids and anti-oxydant potential in hyperlipidemia rats.

Abstract: 

OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of Cydonia oblonga Miller (COM) total flavonoids (TF) from leaves and fruit on the blood lipid and antioxidant potentials using hyperlipidaemic rat models.METHODS: Hyperlipidaemic rat models were created with high-lipid emulsion. Rats were distributed into normal controls, hyperlipidaemic models, and daily high (160mg/kg), medium (80mg/kg) and low (40mg/kg) TF from leaves and fruit and simvastatin (5mg/kg) groups. After four weeks, serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), as well as hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured.RESULTS: Compared with the hyperlipidaemic model group, TF significantly reduced serum TC, TG, LDL-C (P

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PMID: 

Int J Prev Med. 2017 ;8:58. Epub 2017 Aug 24. PMID: 28900537

Abstract Title: 

Protective Effect of Two Extracts ofMiller (Quince) Fruits on Gastric Ulcer Induced by Indomethacin in Rats.

Abstract: 

BACKGROUND: In various studies,Miller (quince) has been reported to have many properties such as antioxidant and anti-ulcerative effects. This study has aimed to investigate the protective effects of quince aqueous extract (QAE) and quince hydroalcoholic extract (QHE) on gastric ulcer caused by indomethacin and the relevant macroscopic, histopathology, and biochemical factors in rats.METHODS: Ten groups of male Wistar rats, six in each, were used in this study. These groups included: normal (distilled water), control (distilled water + indomethacin), reference (ranitidine or sucralfate + indomethacin), and test groups (QAE or QHE + indomethacin) treated with three increasing doses (200, 500, and 800 mg/kg). Extracts and drugs were given orally to rats 1 h before injecting the indomethacin (25 mg/kg, intraperitoneally). Six hours later, the abdomen of rats was exposed, its pylorus was legated, gastric acid content was extracted, and its pH and the amount of pepsin secreted were measured by Anson method. Then, histopathology indices, ulcer area, ulcer index, and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity were measured in gastric mucus.RESULTS: Both extracts of quince were effective to reduce the acidity of stomach and pepsin activity. Compared to control group, the average of enzyme activity of MPO was significantly declined in all treated groups. Control group had the highest level of gastric ulcer indices including severity, area, and index while the evaluated parameters had decreased in all extract treated groups although it seems that QAE was somewhat more effective.CONCLUSIONS: Protective effect of QAE and QHE on gastric ulcer was done by undermining offensive factors including decreasing the secretion of gastric acid and pepsin activity and by strengthening the protective factors of gastric mucus including antioxidant capacity.

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PMID: 

Iran J Pharm Res. 2015 ;14(4):1207-14. PMID: 26664388

Abstract Title: 

Hypolipidemic, Hepatoprotective and Renoprotective Effects of Cydonia Oblonga Mill. Fruit in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats.

Abstract: 

Diabetes mellitus is associated with complications in several different systems of the body, and the incidence of diabetes is rapidly increasing worldwide. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of aqueous extract of Cydonia oblonga Mill. Fruit on lipid profile and some biochemical parameters in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The extract showed anti hyper lipidemic activity as evidenced by significant decreases in serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels along with the elevation of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in the diabetic rats. The biochemical liver functional tests were also analyzed and it was shown that serum biomarkers of liver dysfunction, including alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were significantly reduced in aqueous extract of Cydonia oblonga Mill. treated diabetic rats. In addition, our results showed that the oral administration of the extract prevented diabetes-induced increase in serum urea and creatinine levels as the markers of renal dysfunction. In conclusion, the present study indicates that aqueous extract of Cydonia oblonga Mill. Is able to improve some of the symptoms associated with diabetes and possesses hypolipidemic, hepatoprotective, and renoprotective effects in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

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PMID: 

J Ethnopharmacol. 2014 Feb 3 ;151(2):970-4. Epub 2013 Dec 14. PMID: 24342780

Abstract Title: 

Effect of Cydonia oblonga Mill. leaf extract on serum lipids and liver function in a rat model of hyperlipidaemia.

Abstract: 

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Cydonia oblonga Mill. leaves are traditionally used in Uyghur medicine to treat or prevent cardiovascular disease. Beyond a demonstrated effect on thrombosis, we tested it for an effect on dyslipidemia, in a rat model of hyperlipidemia.METHODS: Seventy healthy Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into 6 groups: normal controls, model controls, simvastatin, and low-, medium- and high-dose Cydonia oblonga Mill. leaf extracts (COM), orally for 56 days. The normal controls were fed a normal diet, all other groups a high fat diet. Rat weights were recorded over time. Total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low and high-density lipoproteins (LDL, HDL), as well as AST, ALT and total protein (TP) were measured in serum at the end of the study. The antioxidant capacity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA) was measured in liver samples, along with lipoprotein lipase (LPL), and hepatic lipase (HL). Liver pathology was described.RESULTS: COM dose-dependently reduced TC, TG, LDL-C and MDA, inhibited the activity of ALT, AST and LPS, increased HDL-C content, increased the activity of SOD, GSH-PX, LPL and HL, and reduced liver steatosis in hyperlipidaemia rats, which was significant at medium and high doses. The effect of COM was similar to that of simvastatin except for increased LPL and HL which were reduced by COM but not by simvastatin.CONCLUSION: Cydonia oblonga Mill. leaf extracts have hypolipidaemic and hepatoprotective effects, probably related to increasing antioxidant capacity and lipoprotein metabolism in the liver, and inhibition of lipogenesis.

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PMID: 

Drug Res (Stuttg). 2017 Jun ;67(6):358-365. Epub 2017 Mar 20. PMID: 28320040

Abstract Title: 

Mitochondria as a Target for the Cardioprotective Effects of Cydonia oblonga Mill. and Ficus carica L. in Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity.

Abstract: 

Quince (Cydonia oblonga Mill.) and fig (Ficus carica L.) exhibit a broad spectrum of pharmacological activities. Regarding the cardiotoxic effect of doxorubicin (DOX) is mediated mainly through mitochondrial oxidative stress and dysfunction; the present study evaluated the cardioprotective effects of the aqueous extracts of Cydonia oblonga Mill. fruit (ACO) and Ficus carica L. fruit (AFC) against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. Cardiomyocytes toxicity was induced in male Sprague Dawley rats by intraperitoneal (ip) injections of 2.5 mg/kg DOX 3 times per week for a period of 2 weeks. After heart failure was induced in the rats, the animals were decapitated and their hearts were immediately removed. Then, the cardiac mitochondria were isolated by differential ultracentrifugation, and the protective effects of each particularextract on mitochondrial oxidative stress and dysfunction were determined. ACO and AFC ameliorated mitochondrial dysfunction in the isolated mitochondria and prevented mitochondrial reactive oxygen species formation, membrane lipid peroxidation, mitochondrial swelling, mitochondrial membrane potential collapse (%ΔΨm), and cytochrome c release. Also, the extracts significantly increased reduced glutathione levels and succinate dehydrogenase activity. These results indicated that ACO and AFC have beneficial effects against DOX cardiotoxicity which mediated by attenuating mitochondrial dysfunction. Therefore, it can be suggested that quince and fig may increase the therapeutic index of DOX.

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PMID: 

Front Pharmacol. 2016 ;7:163. Epub 2016 Jun 21. PMID: 27445806

Abstract Title: 

Cydonia oblonga M., A Medicinal Plant Rich in Phytonutrients for Pharmaceuticals.

Abstract: 

Cydonia oblonga M. is a medicinal plant of family Rosaceae which is used to prevent or treat several ailments such as cancer, diabetes, hepatitis, ulcer, respiratory, and urinary infections, etc. Cydonia oblonga commonly known as Quince is rich in useful secondary metabolites such as phenolics, steroids, flavonoids, terpenoids, tannins, sugars, organic acids, and glycosides. A wide range of pharmacological activities like antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, cardiovascular, antidepressant, antidiarrheal, hypolipidemic, diuretic, and hypoglycemic have been ascribed to various parts of C. oblonga. The polysaccharide mucilage, glucuronoxylan extruded from seeds of C. oblonga is used in dermal patches to heal wounds. This review focuses on detailed investigations of high-valued phytochemicals as well as pharmacological and phytomedicinal attributes of the plant.

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PMID: 

Phytother Res. 2016 Sep ;30(9):1481-6. Epub 2016 Jun 10. PMID: 27282490

Abstract Title: 

Efficacy of a Nasal Spray from Citrus limon and Cydonia oblonga for the Treatment of Hay Fever Symptoms-A Randomized, Placebo Controlled Cross-Over Study.

Abstract: 

Nasal spray from lemon and quince (LQNS) is used to treat hay fever symptoms and has been shown to inhibit histamine release from mast cells in vitro. Forty-three patients with grass pollen allergy (GPA) were randomized to be treated either with placebo or LQNS for one week, respectively, in a cross-over study. At baseline and after the respective treatments patients were provoked with grass pollen allergen. Outcome parameters were nasal flow measured with rhinomanometry (primary), a nasal symptom score, histamine in the nasal mucus and tolerability. In the per protocol population absolute inspiratory nasal flow 10 and 20 min after provocation was higher with LQNS compared to placebo (-37 ± 87 mL/s; p = 0.027 and -44 ± 85 mL/s; p = 0.022). The nasal symptom score showed a trend (3.3 ± 1.8 in the placebo and 2.8 ± 1.5 in the LQNS group; p = 0.070) in favor of LQNS; the histamineconcentration was not significantly different between the groups. Tolerability of both, LQNS and placebo, was rated as very good. LQNS seems to have an anti-allergic effect in patients with GPA. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.

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