PMID: 

Antioxidants (Basel). 2019 Nov 22 ;8(12). Epub 2019 Nov 22. PMID: 31771099

Abstract Title: 

Effect of Rosmarinic Acid and Sinapic Acid on Oxidative Stress Parameters in the Cardiac Tissue and Serum of Type 2 Diabetic Female Rats.

Abstract: 

Cardiovascular diseases are one of the most common complications of type 2 diabetes. They are considered the leading cause of death among diabetics. One of the mechanisms underlying diabetic cardiovascular complications is oxidative stress. Many phenolic acids are regarded as antioxidants. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of rosmarinic acid (RA) and sinapic acid (SA) on oxidative stress parameters in the cardiac tissue and serum of type 2 diabetic female rats. Additionally, the effect of these compounds on glucose homeostasis and lipid profile in the serum was evaluated. Type 2 diabetes was induced with high-fat diet and streptozotocin. RA at the doses of 10 and 50 mg/kg and SA at the doses of 5 and 25 mg/kg were administrated orally for 28 days. Untreated diabetic rats exhibited unfavorable changes in glucose metabolism and lipid profile. Changes in the enzymatic and non-enzymatic markers indicated the onset of oxidative stress in these animals. The results showed that the higher doses of the tested phenolic acids-50 mg/kg of RA and 25 mg/kg of SA-revealed beneficial effects on oxidative stress in the cardiac tissue of diabetic rats.

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PMID: 

Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2006 May-Jun;24(3):295-301. PMID: 16870097

Abstract Title: 

Effectiveness of different cryotherapies on pain and disease activity in active rheumatoid arthritis. A randomised single blinded controlled trial.

Abstract: 

OBJECTIVE: Local cryotherapy is used to relieve pain and inflammation in injuries and inflammatory conditions. Whole-body cryotherapy is an extreme method administered at -110 degrees C for 2 to 3 minutes. The aim of the study was to compare the effect of cryotherapies on pain and inflammation in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).METHODS: Sixty patients with active seropositive RA were recruited in a randomised controlled single-blinded study to receive whole-body cryotherapy at -110 degrees C, whole-body cryotherapy at -60 degrees C, application of local cold air at -30 degrees C and the use of cold packs locally. In the final analysis, the last 2 groups were pooled. The patients had 2-3 cryotherapy sessions daily for one week plus conventional physiotherapy. Clinical and laboratory variables and patient's and physician's global assessments were used to assess the outcome. Disease activity was calculated by DAS.RESULTS: Pain decreased in all treatment groups, most markedly in the whole-body cryotherapy (-110 degrees C) group. DAS decreased slightly with no statistically significant differences between the groups. No serious or permanent adverse effects were detected. Six of 40 patients (15%) discontinued the whole-body cryotherapy.CONCLUSION: Pain seemed to decrease more in patients in the whole-body cryotherapy at -110 degrees C than during other cryotherapies, but there were no significant differences in the disease activity between the groups. However, cryotherapy at -110 degrees C is expensive and available only in special centres and may have minor adverse effects. Based on our results, whole-body cryotherapy at -110 degrees C is not superior to local cryotherapy commonly used in RA patients for pain relief and as an adjunct to physiotherapy.

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PMID: 

J Gastrointest Surg. 2001 May-Jun;5(3):287-93. PMID: 11360052

Abstract Title: 

Repeat hepatic cryotherapy for metastatic colorectal cancer.

Abstract: 

This study evaluated the risks and benefits of repeat hepatic cryotherapy for recurrent, unresectable hepatic metastases from colorectal carcinoma. Review of a prospective database identified 195 patients who underwent hepatic cryotherapy for metastatic colorectal carcinoma during a 7-year period. Of the 14 patients who underwent successful repeat cryotherapy for recurrences confined to the liver, 86% had Duke's stage D colorectal carcinoma at initial diagnosis. The median age of the 14 patients was 58 years (range 41 to 77 years). The median number of hepatic metastases was three at the first cryotherapy and two at the second cryotherapy. At a median follow-up of 71 months, the mean survival times from original diagnosis, first cryotherapy, and second cryotherapy were 53, 42, and 19 months, respectively. At the most recent follow-up, eight patients (57%) have died of their disease, four (29%) are alive with disease, and two (14%) have no evidence of disease. The mean interval between the first and second cryotherapies was 23 months. The complication rates after the first and second cryotherapies were 7% and 14%, respectively. One patient developed a wound dehiscence after the first cryotherapy. Following the second cryotherapy, one patient had a small bowel obstruction and another had a pleural effusion. There was no perioperative mortality. Repeat cryotherapy for recurrent, unresectable hepatic metastases from colorectal cancer is safe and improves survival. However, a prospective trial is needed to validate the efficacy of systemic therapy and to better define the indications for repeat hepatic cryotherapy.

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PMID: 

Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz). 2008 Jan-Feb;56(1):63-8. Epub 2008 Feb 5. PMID: 18250970

Abstract Title: 

Whole-body cryotherapy as adjunct treatment of depressive and anxiety disorders.

Abstract: 

INTRODUCTION: Rheumatism has been treated using whole-body cryotherapy (WBCT) since the 1970s. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of WBCT as an experimental, adjunctive method of treating depressive and anxiety disorders.MATERIALS AND METHODS: A control (n=34) and a study group (n=26), both consisting of outpatients 18-65 years old with depressive and anxiety disorders (ICD-10), received standard psychopharmacotherapy. The study group was additionally treated with a series of 15 daily visits to a cryogenic chamber (2-3 min, from -160 degrees C to -110 degrees C). The Hamilton's depression rating scale (HDRS) and Hamilton's anxiety rating scale (HARS) were used as the outcome measures.RESULTS: After three weeks, a decrease of at least 50% from the baseline HDRS-17 scores in 34.6% of the study group and 2.9% of the control group and a decrease of at least 50% from the baseline HARS score in 46.2% of the study group and in none of the control group were noted.CONCLUSIONS: These findings, despite such limitations as a small sample size, suggest a possible role for WBCT as a short-term adjuvant treatment for mood and anxiety disorders.

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PMID: 

Br J Hosp Med. 1995 Oct 18-31;54(8):378-81. PMID: 8535588

Abstract Title: 

Hepatic cryotherapy for metastatic liver tumours.

Abstract: 

Liver resection is the treatment of choice for resectable hepatic metastases; however, most patients have unresectable disease when diagnosed. Hepatic cryotherapy has been advocated to treat unresectable tumours in the liver although its precise role is still being evaluated. This article discusses mechanisms of action, technical considerations, current indications and the early results of cryotherapy in treating metastatic liver disease.

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PMID: 

J Dermatolog Treat. 2019 Mar ;30(2):176-178. Epub 2018 Jun 27. PMID: 29790804

Abstract Title: 

The efficacy and safety of other cryotherapy compounds for the treatment of genital warts: a randomized controlled trial.

Abstract: 

BACKGROUND: Cryotherapy using Wartner compound that contains a mixture of dimethyl ether (75%) and propane (25%) has been recently reported as an effective treatment for warts. The present study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of Wartner in male patients with genital warts.METHODS: A Phase II parallel-randomized clinical trial was performed on 16 Iranian men affected by genital warts who were referred to a dermatology clinic at Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Two genital warts of each patient were selected and randomly assigned to receive either Wartner (intervention) or liquid nitrogen (control).RESULTS: Two weeks after the treatment, the sizes of the lesions in control and intervention groups decreased by 17.87 ± 2.14 mmand 15.81 ± 1.80 mm, respectively (p = .299). Fourteen days after a single session of treatment, 81% of lesions in the control group and 50% in the Wartner group were completely eradicated, however, the difference was not statistically significant (p = .063).CONCLUSIONS: The Wartner compound is as effective as the conventional cryotherapy method for treating genital warts. It is particularly valuable when there are contraindications or no access to common treatment options.

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PMID: 

J Midwifery Womens Health. 2005 Jul-Aug;50(4):335-40. PMID: 15973272

Abstract Title: 

Cryotherapy treatment for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia: women's experiences in Peru.

Abstract: 

Our objective was to examine cryotherapy experiences among women who received treatment for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in a cervical cancer prevention project in rural Peru. The sample consisted of all women receiving cryotherapy during a 4-month period (July through October 2001). Structured interviews were conducted to collect information about the adequacy of information provision, women's satisfaction with cryotherapy, their ability to comply with postcryotherapy recommendations and condom use, their experience with cryotherapy side effects, and their satisfaction with cryotherapy follow-up. Of the 224 women who were interviewed, user satisfaction with cryotherapy treatment was generally good. A few women engaged in sex earlier than 30 days after treatment, primarily due to partner pressure to resume sex and the women's inability to successfully negotiate abstention from sex. These couples were not always able to use condoms. The percentage of women reporting vaginal discharge was within the range of responses reported in other studies. Cryotherapy appears to be acceptable to women in low-resource settings such as Peru.

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PMID: 

Head Neck. 2012 Sep ;34(9):1306-11. Epub 2011 Nov 15. PMID: 22084001

Abstract Title: 

Cryogun cryotherapy for oral leukoplakia.

Abstract: 

BACKGROUND: Our previous study showed that cotton-swab cryotherapy is an alternative treatment modality for oral leukoplakia.METHODS: This study used liquid nitrogen spray with a cryogun (cryogun cryotherapy) to treat 60 oral leukoplakia lesions.RESULTS: Complete regression was achieved in all 60 oral leukoplakia lesions after cryogun cryotherapy. We found that 60 oral leukoplakia lesions treated with cryogen cryotherapy needed significantly fewer mean treatments (3.1± 1.3) to achieve complete regression than 60 previously reported oral leukoplakia lesions treated with cotton-swab cryotherapy (mean, 6.3 ± 3.8 treatments). Oral leukoplakia lesions on oral mucosal sites other than the tongue,

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PMID: 

J Neurol Sci. 2016 Nov 15 ;370:7-12. Epub 2016 Sep 9. PMID: 27772790

Abstract Title: 

Whole body and local cryotherapy in restless legs syndrome: A randomized, single-blind, controlled parallel group pilot study.

Abstract: 

OBJECTIVE: Treatment of restless legs syndrome (RLS) is primarily based on drugs. Since many patients report improvement of symptoms due to cooling their legs, we examined the efficacy of cryotherapy in RLS.PATIENTS AND METHODS: 35 patients (28 women, 60.9±12.5years) with idiopathic RLS and symptoms starting not later than 6pm were randomized into three groups: cold air chamber at -60°C (n=12); cold air chamber at -10°C (n=12); local cryotherapy at -17°C (n=11). After a two week baseline, the different therapies were applied three minutes daily at 6pm over two weeks, followed by a four week observation period. The patients completed several questionnaires regarding RLS symptoms, sleep, and quality of life on a weekly basis (IRLS, ESS), VAS and sleep/morning protocol were completed daily, MOSS/RLS-QLI were completed once in each period. Additionally, the PLM index was measured by a mobile device at the end of baseline, intervention, and follow-up. The IRLS score was chosen as primary efficacy parameter.RESULTS: At the end of follow-up, significant improvement of RLS symptoms and quality of life could be observed only in the -60°C group as compared to baseline (IRLS: p=0.009; RLS-QLI: p=0.006; ESS: p=0.020). Local cryotherapy led to improvement in quality of life (VAS4: p=0.028; RLS-QLI: p=0.014) and sleep quality (MOSS: p=0.020; MOSS2: p=0.022) but not in IRLS and ESS. In the -10°C group, the only significant effect wasshortening of number of wake phases per night. Serious side-effects were not reported.CONCLUSIONS: Whole body cryotherapy at -60°C and, to a less extent, local cryotherapy seem to be a treatment option for RLS in addition to conventional pharmacological treatment. However, the exact mode of cryotherapy needs to be established.

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PMID: 

J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2019 Dec 6. Epub 2019 Dec 6. PMID: 31821190

Abstract Title: 

Apigenin prevent Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms Formation by Inhibiting the NF-κB Signaling Pathway.

Abstract: 

Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) is a multifactorial vascular disease with a high rate of mortality and brings heavy burden to both human and society. The pathological process behind AAA is complex. Elastin degradation, chronic inflammation and vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) phenotypic modulation are involved in AAA formation. Apigenin (API) has gained much attention due to its specific properties, such as anti-inflammation, antioxidant, anti-cancer effects. Previous studies have demonstrated that API exert beneficial effects on prevention of cardiovascular diseases(CVD). However, the effects of API on AAA are still unknown. Here, we for the first time evaluated API-related effects on AAA formation using a Cacl2-induced AAA model. Compared with AAA group, treatment with API reduced the incidence of AAA, attenuated pathological expansion of the aorta and preserved elastic fiber in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, API attenuated vascular inflammation by inhibiting activation of matrix metalloproteinase(MMP) and modulated VSMC contractile phenotypic transition. The preventative effect of API on AAA might be associated to the down-regulation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) activity via the IKK-dependent signaling pathway. Our findings firstly revealed that API could suppress AAA formation in a dose-dependent manner by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway and API should be considered as a promising therapeutic drug in prevention of AAA.

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