PMID: 

J Biophotonics. 2019 Nov 9:e201960140. Epub 2019 Nov 9. PMID: 31707768

Abstract Title: 

Insulin resistance is improved in high-fat fed mice by photobiomodulation therapy at 630 nm.

Abstract: 

Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) in the infrared spectrum exerts positive effects on glucose metabolism, but the use of PBMT at the red spectrum has not been assessed. Male Swiss albino mice were divided into low-fat control (LFC) and high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks and were treated with red (630 nm) PBMT or no treatment (Sham) during weeks 9-12. PBMT was delivered at 31.19 J/cm, 60 J total dose per day for 20 days. In HFD-fed mice, PBMT improved glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, and fasting hyperinsulinemia. PBMT also reduced adiposity and inflammatory infiltrate in adipose tissue. Phosphorylation of Akt in epididymal adipose tissue and rectus femoralis muscle was improved by PBMT. In epididymalfat PBMT reversed the reduced phosphorylation of AS160 and the reduced Glut4 content. In addition, PBMT reversed the alterations caused by HFD in rectus femoralis muscle on proteins involved in mitochondrial dynamics and β-oxidation. In conclusion, PBMT at red spectrum improved insulin resistance and glucose metabolism in HFD-fed mice. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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PMID: 

Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Nov 15 ;16(22). Epub 2019 Nov 15. PMID: 31731594

Abstract Title: 

Photobiomodulation Therapy in the Treatment of Oral Mucositis, Dysphagia, Oral Dryness, Taste Alteration, and Burning Mouth Sensation Due to Cancer Therapy: A Case Series.

Abstract: 

Oral complications of cancer therapy, such as oral dryness, dysphagia, and taste alteration, are associated with a negative impact in the quality of life of the patients. Few supportive care measures are available for such complications. This case series reveals the effectiveness of the photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy when used in a specific protocol and parameters, in the management of oral complications related to cancer therapy. Dysphagia was measured using the functional outcome swallowing scale for staging oropharyngeal dysphagia (FOSS). Oral mucositis was measured according to the National Cancer Institute scale. The quantity of the whole resting and stimulated saliva was measured in order to assess the oral dryness. In addition, the taste alteration was measured according to a protocol suggested by the International Standards organization (ISO). Sensation of burning mouth was measured using a visual analogue scale. These measurements were made before treatment, during, and at the end of the treatment. Diode laser 635 nm was used in 3 J/cm. Five sessions interleaved with 24 h breaks were conducted for the dysphagia and oral dryness, and 10 sessions were conducted for the taste alteration and burning mouth sensation. Regardless of the limitations of this case series, PBM can be considered safe, time saving, and a promising approach for the management of the oral complications due to cancer therapy and the quality of life of cancer patients.

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PMID: 

J Dermatolog Treat. 2019 Nov 20:1-5. Epub 2019 Nov 20. PMID: 31746251

Abstract Title: 

Meta-analysis of photobiomodulation for the treatment of androgenetic alopecia.

Abstract: 

Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a condition that affects most people at some point in their life, yet few treatments are available. Use of photobiomodulation is ideal due to the safety profile and lack of serious adverse effects. Therefore, the efficacy of photobiomodulation for AGA therapy was investigated.A meta-analysis was used to elucidate treatment efficacy. Additionally, a sub-analysis was performed to determine if the type of device used or if use of lasers versus light emitting diodes (LEDs) significantly impacted results.Using hair density (hairs/cm) as a measure of efficacy, the standardized mean difference (SMD) was 1.02 (95% CI: 0.68, 1.36) in favor of treatment over control (15 studies, pooled = 795, 

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PMID: 

Lasers Med Sci. 2019 Nov 21. Epub 2019 Nov 21. PMID: 31754908

Abstract Title: 

Photobiomodulation reduces cell death and cytokine production in C2C12 cells exposed to Bothrops venoms.

Abstract: 

Snakebites caused by the genus Bothrops are often associated with severe and complex local manifestations such as edema, pain, hemorrhage, and myonecrosis. Conventional treatment minimizes the systemic effects of venom; however, their local action is not neutralized. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of photobiomodulation (PBM) on C2C12 muscle cells exposed to B. jararaca, B. jararacussu, and B. moojeni venoms on events involved in cell death and the release of inflammatory mediators. Cells were exposed to venoms and immediately irradiated with low-level laser (LLL) application in continuous wave at the wavelength of 660 nm, energy density of 4.4 J/cm, power of 10 mW, area of 0.045 cm, and time of 20 s. Cell integrity was analyzed by phase contrast microscope and cell death was performed by flow cytometry. In addition, interleukin IL1-β, IL-6, and IL-10 levels were measured in the supernatant. Our results showed that the application of PBM increases cell viability and decreases cell death byapoptosis and necrosis. Moreover, the release of pro-inflammatory interleukins was also reduced. The data reported here indicate that PBM resulted in cytoprotection on myoblast C2C12 cells after venom exposure. This protection involves the modulation of cell death mechanism and decreased pro-inflammatory cytokine release.

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PMID: 

Lasers Med Sci. 2019 Nov 28. Epub 2019 Nov 28. PMID: 31782023

Abstract Title: 

Acute effects of photobiomodulation therapy and magnetic field on functional mobility in stroke survivors: a randomized, sham-controlled, triple-blind, crossover, clinical trial.

Abstract: 

Identify the optimal energy delivered with a single application of the combination of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) combining different light sources (low-level laser therapy-LLLT and light emitting diode therapy-LEDT) and static magnetic field (sMF) in order to determine the acute effects on functional mobility of stroke survivors. Was conducted a randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover, triple-blind, clinical trial (RCT). Twelve patients were recruited, however ten concluded the study, they were randomly treated with four PBMT/sMF energies (sham-0 J, 10 J, 30 J, and 50 J per site irradiated), with 1-weekinterval washout between treatments. PBMT/sMF were administered after the pre-intervention (baseline) evaluation and the total energy delivered per site at each treatment was determined based on the results of the randomization procedure. PBMT/sMF were administered in direct contact with the skin and applied with slight pressure to nine sites on the knee extensors, six sites on the knee flexors, and two sites on the plantar flexors' muscles in both lower limbs (bilaterally). The primary outcome measure was the 6-min walk test (6MWT) and the secondary outcome was the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test. Significant improvements were found in the 6MWT test using a total energy of 30 J per site compared with sham (0 J) (p

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PMID: 

Pain Pract. 2019 Nov 29. Epub 2019 Nov 29. PMID: 31782603

Abstract Title: 

Low intensity photobiomodulation decreases neuropathic pain in paw ischemia-reperfusion and spared nervus ischiadicus injury experimental models.

Abstract: 

There is a wide range of animal models available today for studying chronic pain associated with a variety of etiologies and an extensive list of clinical manifestations of peripheral neuropathies. Photobiomodulation is a new tool for the treatment of pain in a convenient, non-invasive way. The aim of this work is to elucidate the effects of infrared light emitting diodes (LEDs) on behavioral responses to nociceptive stimuli in chronic pain models. Forty-eight Swiss male mice weighing 25-35 g were used. Two chronic pain models, ischemia-reperfusion (IR) and spared spinal nerve injury (SNI), were performed and then treated with infrared LED irradiation (390 mW, 890 nm, 17.3 mW/cm, 20.8 J/cm, for 20 min). The behavioral tests used were a mechanical hypersensitivity test (von Frey test) and a cold allodynia test (acetone test). The results showed that, in the ischemia-reperfusion model, the infrared LED had a significant effect on mechanical stimulation and cold allodynia on every day of treatment. In the spared nerve injury model, an analgesic effect was observed on every treatment day (when started on the 3and 7days after the surgery). In both models, the effect was abolished when the treatment was interrupted. These findings suggest that photobiomodulation therapy may be a useful adjunct treatment for chronic pain.

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PMID: 

Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg. 2019 Oct ;37(10):644-650. PMID: 31647775

Abstract Title: 

Transcranial Photobiomodulation with Near-Infrared Light for Generalized Anxiety Disorder: A Pilot Study.

Abstract: 

Our aim was to test the anxiolytic effect of transcranial photobiomodulation (t-PBM) with near-infrared light (NIR) in subjects suffering from generalized anxiety disorder (GAD).t-PBM with NIR is an experimental, noninvasive treatment for mood and anxiety disorders. Preliminary evidence indicates a potential anxiolytic effect of transcranial NIR.Fifteen subjects suffering from GAD were recruited in an open-label 8-week study. Each participant self-administered t-PBM daily, for 20 min (continuous wave; 830 nm peak wavelength; average irradiance 30 mW/cm; average fluence 36 J/cm; total energy delivered per session 2.9 kJ: total output power 2.4 W) broadly on the forehead (total area 80 cm) with an LED-cluster headband (Cerebral Sciences). Outcome measures were the reduction in total scores of the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (SIGH-A), the Clinical Global Impressions-Severity (CGI-S) subscale and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) subscales from baseline to last observation carried forward.Of the 15 recruited subjects (mean age 30 ± 14 years; 67% women), 12 (80%) completed the open trial. Results show a significant reduction in the total scores of SIGH-A (from 17.27 ± 4.89 to 8.47 ± 4.87; 

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PMID: 

Lasers Med Sci. 2019 Oct 28. Epub 2019 Oct 28. PMID: 31659541

Abstract Title: 

Low-level laser therapy improves pain in postcesarean section: a randomized clinical trial.

Abstract: 

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on immediate postpartum pain relief during cesarean section. A randomized, parallel controlled trial was carried out. In total, 88 women with immediate postpartum were divided into 4 groups: control group (n = 22), placebo group (n = 22), experimental group I (n = 22, dose of 4 J/cm), and experimental group II (n = 22, dose of 2 J/cm). The pain measured by Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), algometry, and Global Change Perception Scale (GCPS) was assessed at 12, 20-24, and 44-48 h postpartum. Two LLLT sessions were performed at 12 and 24 h postpartum. A significant interaction was observed between time versus group for NRS F (2.40) = 36.80, p

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PMID: 

BMJ Open. 2019 Oct 28 ;9(10):e031142. Epub 2019 Oct 28. PMID: 31662383

Abstract Title: 

Efficacy of low-level laser therapy on pain and disability in knee osteoarthritis: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised placebo-controlled trials.

Abstract: 

OBJECTIVES: Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) is not recommended in major knee osteoarthritis (KOA) treatment guidelines. We investigated whether a LLLT dose-response relationship exists in KOA.DESIGN: Systematic review and meta-analysis.DATA SOURCES: Eligible articles were identified through PubMed, Embase, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Physiotherapy Evidence Database and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials on 18 February 2019, reference lists, a book, citations and experts in the field.ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA FOR SELECTING STUDIES: We solely included randomised placebo-controlled trials involving participants with KOA according to the American College of Rheumatology and/or Kellgren/Lawrence criteria, in which LLLT was applied to participants' knee(s). There were no language restrictions.DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS: The included trials were synthesised with random effects meta-analyses and subgrouped by dose using the World Association for Laser Therapy treatment recommendations. Cochrane's risk-of-bias tool was used.RESULTS: 22 trials (n=1063) were meta-analysed. Risk of bias was insignificant. Overall, pain was significantly reduced by LLLT compared with placebo at the end of therapy (14.23 mm Visual Analogue Scale (VAS; 95% CI 7.31 to 21.14)) and during follow-ups 1-12 weeks later (15.92 mm VAS (95% CI 6.47 to 25.37)). The subgroup analysis revealed that pain was significantly reduced by the recommended LLLT doses compared with placebo at the end of therapy (18.71 mm (95% CI 9.42 to 27.99)) and during follow-ups 2-12 weeks after the end of therapy (23.23 mm VAS (95% CI 10.60 to 35.86)). The pain reduction from the recommended LLLT doses peaked during follow-ups 2-4 weeks after the end of therapy (31.87 mm VAS significantly beyond placebo (95% CI 18.18 to 45.56)). Disability was also statistically significantly reduced by LLLT. No adverse events were reported.CONCLUSION: LLLT reduces pain and disability in KOA at 4-8 J with 785-860 nm wavelength and at 1-3 J with 904 nm wavelength per treatment spot.PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42016035587.

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PMID: 

Oncol Lett. 2018 May ;15(5):7603-7610. Epub 2018 Mar 23. PMID: 29849796

Abstract Title: 

Zerumbone suppresses the potential of growth and metastasis in hepatoma HepG2 cells via the MAPK signaling pathway.

Abstract: 

Zerumbone is an active component of(L.) Smith and can perform a diverse range of antitumor activities. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of zerumbone action have not yet been elucidated. The aim of the present study was to investigate the antitumor effects, and the associated molecular mechanisms, of zerumbone in hepatoma HepG2 cells. Treatment with zerumbone markedly induced apoptosis in hepatoma HepG2 cells and suppressed their invasion and metastasis in a dose-dependent manner. Further investigation revealed that treatment with zerumbone led to the dose-dependent induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G/M phase in cancer cells. Zerumbone treatment led to the increased expression of p27, cytochrome c, caspase-3 and-9, and Bcl-2-associated X expression, but the decreased expression of cyclin-dependent kinase 1, cyclin B1, B-cell lymphoma-2, focal adhesion kinase, Ras homolog gene family, member A, Rho-associated protein kinase-1, and matrix metalloproteinase-2 and-9 in HepG2 cells. In addition, the phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2, but not C-Jun N-terminal kinase 1/2, was regulated in a dose-dependent manner in response to zerumbone treatment. The results of the current study indicate that zerumbone could be used as potential anticancer agent in for the treatment of hepatoma in the future.

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