PMID: 

J Exp Biol. 2006 Sep ;209(Pt 17):3322-8. PMID: 16916968

Abstract Title: 

Light and electron microscopic study of the thyroid gland in rats exposed to power-frequency electromagnetic fields.

Abstract: 

The effect of 50 Hz electromagnetic field (EMF) on thyroid gland was studied using light and transmission electron microscopes. Two-month-old male rats were exposed to an EMF (100-300 microT, 54-160 V m(-1)) for 4 h a day, 5 days a week for 1 month. A predominance of microfollicles with less colloid content and dilated blood capillaries was found in the EMF group. Stereological counting showed a statistically significant increase of the volume density of follicular epithelium, interfollicular tissue and blood capillaries as well as the thyroid activation index, as compared to the controls. The volume density of colloid significantly decreased. Ultrastructural analysis of thyroid follicular cells in the EMF group revealed the frequent finding of several colloid droplets within the same thyrocyte with the occasional presence of large-diameter droplets. Alterations in lysosomes, granular endoplasmic reticulum and cell nuclei compared to the control group were also observed. Taken together, the results of this study show the stimulative effect of power-frequency EMF on thyroid gland at both the light microscope and the ultrastructural level.

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PMID: 

Life Sci. 2019 Oct 15 ;235:116858. Epub 2019 Sep 7. PMID: 31505195

Abstract Title: 

Hesperidin ameliorates pancreaticβ-cell dysfunction and apoptosis in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat model.

Abstract: 

AIMS: The current study was conducted to investigate the potential protective effects of hesperidin and its possible mechanisms of action on pancreaticβ-cells in diabetes.MAIN METHODS: Male Sprague Dawley rats were made diabetic using 65 mg/kg intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin, and then administered daily with 100 mg/kg of hesperidin over 4 weeks. On conclusion of the experiment, blood and pancreatic tissue were collected to determine the function of β-cells, apoptosis, oxidative stress, ER stress, and inflammation.KEY FINDINGS: Treatment of diabetic rats with hesperidin, significantly decreased fasting blood glucose and food intake, along with increased body weight, serum and pancreatic insulin levels, and pancreatic-duodenal homeobox-1 (PDX-1) protein expression. The beneficial roles of hesperidin on diabetic pancreaticβ-cells exhibited an increment in antioxidant SOD and GPx activities, and a decrement in nitrotyrosine as well as malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Additionally, the elevated concentration of TNF-α and expressions of ER stress maker GRP78 and CHOP proteins in the pancreas of diabetic rats were significantly diminished by hesperidin treatment. Furthermore, hesperidin effectively modulated expressions of apoptosis-regulatory proteins in diabetic rat pancreas, as revealed by upregulating anti-apoptotic Bcl-xL; with a concomitant downregulating pro-apoptotic Bax, cleaved caspase-3, and inhibiting the activation of DNA repair protein poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP).SIGNIFICANCE: Collectively, these findings suggest that hesperidin may have the potential to protect pancreaticβ-cells and improve their function by suppressing oxidative and ER stress, along with activating its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects.

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PMID: 

Med Pregl. 2001 Mar-Apr;54(3-4):119-27. PMID: 11759202

Abstract Title: 

Morphophysiological status of rat thyroid gland after subchronic exposure to low frequency electromagnetic field.

Abstract: 

The objective of this study was to examine the impact of low-frequency electromagnetic field on male rat thyroid gland of Mill Hill strain. Animals were exposed to 50 Hz frequency, of decaying intensity from 500 microT to 50 microT and 10 V/m field, beginning 24 hours after birth, 7 hours a day, 5 days a week during three months. Results of histological and stereological analysis showed increased volume density of thyroid follicles, decreased thickness of the follicular epithelium, intrafollicular colloid content in lumen, decreased thyroid activation index, increased volume density of parafollicular cells, decreased volume of interfollicular connective tissue and increased number of degranulated mast cells in exposed animals in regard to control animals. Radioimmunologic assays were used to examine thyroid hormone concentrations in the blood serum revealing decrease of the total T4 as well as of total T3 in animals exposed to electromagnetic field in regard to controls. The obtained results show that a three month-exposition of animals to low frequency electromagnetic field led to morphofunctional alterations of the thyroid gland that can be referred to as reduced activity of the gland.

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PMID: 

Radiats Biol Radioecol. 2003 Sep-Oct;43(5):597-600. PMID: 14658297

Abstract Title: 

[Effects of electromagnetic field of thermal intensity on the hypophysis-thyroid unit of the neuroendocrine system].

Abstract: 

Acute 12-minute exposure of laboratory rats to microwaves with specific dose rate (SAR) of 30 W/kg that exceeded a basal metabolism caused a transient response of hyppophysis-thyroid system of compensatory-adaptive character. Prolonged exposure to microwaves of less intensity (SAR = 6 W/kg, which approximately corresponds to basic metabolic rate for these animals) caused insufficiency of the function of thyroid control in a form of primary hypothyroidis.

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PMID: 

EXCLI J. 2019 ;18:723-745. Epub 2019 Aug 29. PMID: 31611754

Abstract Title: 

Hesperidin ameliorates bleomycin-induced experimental pulmonary fibrosis via inhibition of TGF-beta1/Smad3/AMPK and IkappaBalpha/NF-kappaB pathways.

Abstract: 

Bleomycin (BLM) is a chemotherapeutic agent which is associated with Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) due to its chronic administration. Hesperidin, a bioflavonoid has been reported to possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, wound healing, and antiapoptotic potential. To evaluate the therapeutic potential of hesperidin against BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis and decipher its possible mechanism of action. Intraperitoneal administration of BLM (6 IU/kg) caused induction of IPF in Sprague-Dawley rats. Rats were treated with hesperidin (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg, p.o.) for 28 days, followed by estimation of various parameters in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung. Hesperidin (50 and 100 mg/kg) administration significantly ameliorated (0.05) alterations induced by BLM in lung index, percent oxygen saturation, serum ALP and LDH levels, BALF differential cell count, and lung function test. Elevated levels of oxido-nitrosative stress, hydroxyproline, and myeloperoxidase levels in BALF and lung were significantly decreased by hesperidin on day 14. Hesperidin significantly inhibited BLM-induced down-regulated lung Nrf2 and HO-1 as well as up-regulated TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, collagen-1, TGF-β, and Smad-3 mRNA expressions. Western blot analysis showed that alteration in lung NF-κB, IκBα, AMPK, and PP2C-α protein expressions were ameliorated by hesperidin on day 28. Furthermore, BLM induced histological and ultrastructural aberrations in the lung which were attenuated by hesperidin treatment. Hesperidin alleviates BLM-induced IPF via inhibition of TGF-β1/Smad3/AMPK and IκBα/NF-κB pathways which in turn ameliorate the modulation of oxido-inflammatory markers (Nrf2 and HO-1) and pro-inflammatory markers (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) to reduce collagen deposition during pulmonary fibrosis. See also Figure 1(Fig. 1).

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PMID: 

Environ Res. 2005 Nov ;99(3):369-77. PMID: 16307979

Abstract Title: 

The effect of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields on skin and thyroid amine- and peptide-containing cells in rats: an immunohistochemical and morphometrical study.

Abstract: 

The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMFs) on mast cells (MCs), parafollicular cells, and nerve fibers in rat skin and thyroid gland. The experiment was performed on 24 2-month-old Wistar male rats exposed for 4h a day, 7 days a week for 1 month to EMFs (50 Hz, 100-300 microT, 54-160 V/m). After sacrifice, samples of skin and thyroid were processed for indirect immunohistochemistry or toluidine blue staining and then were analyzed using the methods of stereology. The antibody markers to serotonin, substance P, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), and protein gene product 9.5 (PGP) were applied to skin sections and PGP, CGRP, and neuropeptide Y (NPY) markers to the thyroid. A significantly increased number of serotonin-positive MCs in the skin and NPY-containing nerve fibers in the thyroid of rats exposed to ELF-EMF was found compared to controls, indicating a possible EMF effect on skin and thyroid vasculature.

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PMID: 

Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2016 Jun 15 ;4(2):296-301. Epub 2016 Mar 15. PMID: 27335605

Abstract Title: 

Thyroid Hormone Indices in Computer Workers with Emphasis on the Role of Zinc Supplementation.

Abstract: 

AIM: This study aimed to investigate the effects of computer monitor-emitted radiation on thyroid hormones and the possible protective role of zinc supplementation.MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included three groups. The first group (group B) consisted of 42 computer workers. This group was given Zinc supplementation in the form of one tablet daily for eight weeks. The second group (group A) comprised the same 42 computer workers after zinc supplementation. A group of 63 subjects whose job does not entail computer use was recruited as a control Group (Group C). All participants filled a questionnaire including detailed medical and occupational histories. They were subjected to full clinical examination. Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4) and zinc levels were measured in all participants.RESULTS: TSH, FT3, FT4 and zinc concentrations were decreased significantly in group B relative to group C. In group A, all tested parameters were improved when compared with group B. The obtained results revealed that radiation emitted from computers led to changes in TSH and thyroid hormones (FT3 and FT4) in the workers.CONCLUSION: Improvement after supplementation suggests that zinc can ameliorate hazards of such radiation on thyroid hormone indices.

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PMID: 

Am J Orthod. 1970 May ;57(5):538. PMID: PMC4908750

Abstract Title: 

Leuman M. Waugh receives William John Gies award.

Abstract: 

[none]

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PMID: 

Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand). 2019 Apr 30 ;65(4):37-42. Epub 2019 Apr 30. PMID: 31078150

Abstract Title: 

Anti-inflammatory, anti-nociceptive and sedative-hypnotic activities of lucidone D extracted from Ganoderma lucidum.

Abstract: 

Inflammation and insomnia are two types of symptoms very likely occur in life, seriously perplexing people's work and life. How to alleviate these symptoms is an urgent medical problem. Lucidone D (LUC) is a terpene from the ethanol extract of Ganoderma lucidum fruiting body. Triterpenoids are also the main pharmacological components of Ganoderma lucidum. In recent years, people pay more and more attention to its anti-inflammatory effect. In this study, LPS induced RAW264.7 macrophage inflammatory response model was used to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of LUC. The results showed that LUC could significantly inhibit the production of inflammatory mediators NO, which may play a role by down-regulating the expression level of iNOS and COX-2 proteins. Meanwhile, the production of TNF-α and IL-6 was significantly inhibited. These results indicate that LUC has obvious anti-inflammatory activity. Writhing and sedation tests in ICR male mice showed that LUC showed significant analgesic and sedative effects. In conclusion, these results suggest the anti-inflammatory, analgesic and sedative effects of LUC in vitro and in vivo.

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PMID: 

Int J Biol Macromol. 2019 Aug 15 ;135:706-716. Epub 2019 May 23. PMID: 31129213

Abstract Title: 

Characterization, hypolipidemic and antioxidant activities of degraded polysaccharides from Ganoderma lucidum.

Abstract: 

The aim of this work is to characterize the primary structure and physicochemical properties of natural polysaccharides (GLP) and degraded polysaccharides (GLP) from Ganoderma lucidum, and evaluate their hypolipidemic and antioxidant activities. The results of particle size distribution and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides were effectively degraded by ultrasonic method. GLPwas composed of the same monosaccharide units as GLP but with different molar ratios. Infrared spectra and NMR showed that the primary structure of polysaccharides had not been changed by ultrasonic degradation. Meanwhile, the thermal stability of polysaccharides increased after ultrasonic treatment. After administration by GLP and GLPfour weeks, body weight, visceral index, atherosclerosis index (AI) and biochemical indicators in serum and in liver were determined. The results showed that GLPhad stronger hypolipidemic and antioxidant activities than GLP. GLPwas more effective than the GLP for reducing AI, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), raising high density lipoprotein (HDL-C) (p 

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