PMID: 

Neurosci Res. 2005 Nov ;53(3):265-70. Epub 2005 Aug 15. PMID: 16102863

Abstract Title: 

Is the brain influenced by a phone call? An EEG study of resting wakefulness.

Abstract: 

We recorded the resting electroencephalogram of 20 healthy subjects in order to investigate the effect of electromagnetic field (EMF) exposure on EEG waking activity and its temporal development. The subjects were randomly assigned to two groups and exposed, in double-blind conditions, to a typical mobile phone signal (902.40 MHz, modulated at 217 Hz, with an average power of 0.25 W) before or during the EEG recording session. The results show that, under real exposure as compared to baseline and sham conditions, EEG spectral power was influenced in some bins of the alpha band. This effect was greater when the EMF was on during the EEG recording session than before it. The present data lend further support to the idea that pulsed high-frequency electromagnetic fields can affect normal brain functioning, also if no conclusions can be drawn about the possible health effects.

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PMID: 

Bioelectromagnetics. 2008 Jan ;29(1):1-10. PMID: 17786925

Abstract Title: 

The effect of mobile phone electromagnetic fields on the alpha rhythm of human electroencephalogram.

Abstract: 

Mobile phones (MP) emit low-level electromagnetic fields that have been reported to affect neural function in humans; however, demonstrations of such effects have not been conclusive. The purpose of the present study was to test one of the strongest findings in the literature; that of increased"alpha"power in response to MP-type radiation. Healthy participants (N = 120) were tested using a double-blind counterbalanced crossover design, with each receiving a 30-min Active and a 30-min Sham Exposure 1 week apart, while electroencephalogram (EEG) data were recorded. Resting alpha power (8-12 Hz) was then derived as a function of time, for periods both during and following exposure. Non-parametric analyses were employed as data could not be normalized. Previous reports of an overall alpha power enhancement during the MP exposure were confirmed (relative to Sham), with this effect larger at ipsilateral than contralateral sites over posterior regions. No overall change to alpha power was observed following exposure cessation; however, there was less alpha power contralateral to the exposure source during this period (relative to ipsilateral). Employing a strong methodology, the current findings support previous research that has reported an effect of MP exposure on EEG alpha power.

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PMID: 

J Altern Complement Med. 2002 Aug ;8(4):427-35. PMID: 12230903

Abstract Title: 

Can the Q Link Ally, a form of Sympathetic Resonance Technology (SRT), attenuate acute mobile phone-related changes to neural function?

Abstract: 

OBJECTIVES: Exposure to active mobile phones (MP) has been shown to affect human neural function as shown by the electroencephalogram (EEG). Although it has not been determined whether such effects are harmful, a number of devices have been developed that attempt to minimize these MP-related effects. One such device, the Q Link Ally (QL; Clarus Products, International, L.L.C., San Rafael, CA), is argued to affect the human organism in such a way as to attenuate the effect of MPs. The present pilot study was designed to determine whether there is any indication that QL does alter MP-related effects on the human EEG.DESIGN: Twenty-four (24) subjects participated in a single-blind, fully counterbalanced crossover design in which subjects' resting EEG and phase-locked neural responses to auditory stimuli were assessed under conditions of either active MP or active MP plus QL.RESULTS: The addition of QL to the MP condition increased resting EEG in the gamma range and did so as a function of exposure duration, and it attenuated MP-related effects in the delta and alpha range (at trend-level). The addition of the QL also affected phase-locked neural responses, with a laterality reversal in the alpha range and an alteration to changes over time in the delta range, a reduction of the MP-related beta decrease over time at fronto-posterior sites, and a global reduction in the gamma range that increased as a function of exposure duration. No unambiguous relations were found between these changes and either performance or psychologic state.CONCLUSIONS: This pilot study suggests that the addition of the QL to active MP-exposure does affect neural function in humans, altering both resting EEG patterns and the evoked neural response to auditory stimuli, and that there is a tendency for some MP-related changes to the EEG to be attenuated by the QL.

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PMID: 

Clin Neurophysiol. 2002 Oct ;113(10):1623-32. PMID: 12350439

Abstract Title: 

Acute mobile phone operation affects neural function in humans.

Abstract: 

OBJECTIVES: Mobile phones (MP) are used extensively and yet little is known about the effects they may have on human physiology. There have been conflicting reports regarding the relation between MP use and the electroencephalogram (EEG). The present study suggests that this conflict may be due to methodological differences such as exposure durations, and tests whether exposure to an active MP affects EEG as a function of time.METHODS: Twenty-four subjects participated in a single-blind fully counterbalanced cross-over design, where both resting EEG and phase-locked neural responses to auditory stimuli were measured while a MP was either operating or turned off.RESULTS: MP exposure altered resting EEG, decreasing 1-4 Hz activity (right hemisphere sites), and increasing 8-12 Hz activity as a function of exposure duration (midline posterior sites). MP exposure also altered early phase-locked neural responses, attenuating the normal response decrement over time in the 4-8 Hz band, decreasing the response in the 1230 Hz band globally and as a function of time, and increasing midline frontal and lateral posterior responses in the 30-45 Hz band.CONCLUSIONS: Active MPs affect neural function in humans and do so as a function of exposure duration. The temporal nature of this effect may contribute to the lack of consistent results reported in the literature.

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PMID: 

Int J Reprod Biomed (Yazd). 2019 Jul ;17(7):493-502. Epub 2019 Jul 31. PMID: 31508575

Abstract Title: 

The effects of theon the oxidative stress of reproductive system in diabetic male rats.

Abstract: 

Background: Oxidative stress plays an important role in the development of diabetic complications.Objective: This study evaluated the impact of pre- and post-treatment withon the oxidant and anti-oxidant factors of testis and epididymis in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.Materials and Methods: Thirty male Wistar rats (10 wk old) weighing 220-230 g. were divided into five groups (n = 6/ each): 1- normal group, 2- normalgroup, 3- diabetic group, 4- diabetic +before (DLB) group, and 5- diabetic +(DLA) group. The normal and diabetic groups received daily 1 mL normal saline for 6 wk. Normalgroup received dailyfor 6 wk. Group DLB received dailyfor 2 wk before diabetes and for 4 wk after diabetes. Group DLA received daily 1 mL normal saline for 2 wk before diabetes andfor 4 wk after diabetes. The dose ofwas 110CFU/mL.Results: The administration ofworsened blood glucose level and reduced the levels of Malondialdehyde (p0.0001) and Hydrogen peroxide (p0.0001) and, Catalase and Glutathione peroxidase activity increased in the testis. In epididymis, Glutathione peroxidase and Catalase (p = 0.013) activity increased and Hydrogen peroxide concentration reduced, while Malondialdehyde concentration did not show any changes compared to the diabetic rats. Also, there was no significant difference between DLB and DLA groups, in these markers.Conclusion: Data obtained suggests thathas anti-oxidant effects on the testis and sometime in the epididymis in diabetic rats.

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PMID: 

Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc. 2006 ;1:1597-600. PMID: 17946053

Abstract Title: 

Integration of differences in EEG analysis reveals changes in human EEG caused by microwave.

Abstract: 

Three different methods in combination with integration of differences in signals were applied for EEG analysis to distinguish changes in EEG caused by microwave: S-parameter, power spectral density and length distribution of low variability periods. The experiments on the effect of modulated low-level microwaves on human EEG were carried out on four different groups of healthy volunteers exposed to 450 MHz microwave radiation modulated with 7 Hz, 14 Hz, 21 Hz, 40 Hz, 70 Hz, 217 or 1000 Hz frequencies. The field power density at the scalp was 0.16 mW/cm2. The EEG analysis performed for individuals with three different methods showed that statistically significant changes occur in the EEG rhythms energy and dynamics between 12% and 30% of subjects.

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PMID: 

Int J Radiat Biol. 2008 Jun ;84(6):505-13. PMID: 18470749

Abstract Title: 

Chronic non-thermal exposure of modulated 2450 MHz microwave radiation alters thyroid hormones and behavior of male rats.

Abstract: 

PURPOSE: The purpose of this investigation was to analyze the effects of leakage microwave (2450 MHz) irradiation on thyroid hormones and behavior of male rats.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Experiments were carried out on two groups of male rats (exposure and control, respectively). Radio-immuno assay (RIA) methods were used for estimation of 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4) and thyrotrophin or thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). The assessments of behavioral changes were performed in Open-Field (OF) and Elevated Plus-Maze (EPM) apparatuses.RESULTS: Following chronic microwave exposure, rats were found hyperactive and aggressive on the 16th and 21st days. Behavioral changes in OF were analyzed and found to be significantly changed from controls (p

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PMID: 

Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2010 ;23(2):191-9. PMID: 20682490

Abstract Title: 

Effects of GSM signals during exposure to event related potentials (ERPs).

Abstract: 

OBJECTIVES: The primary aim of this work was to assess the effect of electromagnetic field (EMF) from the GSM mobile phone system on human brain function. The assessment was based on the assay of event related potentials (ERPs).MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study group consisted of 15 volunteers, including 7 men and 8 women. The test protocol comprised determination of P300 wave in each volunteer during exposure to the EMF. To eliminate possible effects of the applied test procedure on the final result, the test was repeated without EMF exposure. P300 latency, amplitude, and latency of the N1, N2, P2 waves were analysed.RESULTS: The statistical analysis revealed an effect of EMF on P300 amplitude. In the experiment with EMF exposure, lower P300 amplitudes were observed only at the time in which the volunteers were exposed to EMF; when the exposure was discontinued, the values of the amplitude were the same as those observed before EMF application. No such change was observed when the experiment was repeated with sham exposure, which may be considered as an indirect proof that lower P300 amplitude values were due to EMF exposure. No statistically significant changes were noted in the latencies of the N1, N2, P2 waves that precede the P300 wave, nor in the latency of the P300 itself.CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that exposure to GSM EMF exerts some effects on CNS, including effects on long latency ERPs.

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PMID: 

ScientificWorldJournal. 2004 Oct 20 ;4 Suppl 2:70-4. Epub 2004 Oct 20. PMID: 15517104

Abstract Title: 

The effects of 910-MHz electromagnetic field on rat cranial arachnoid and dura mater collagen. The axial periodicity of collagen fibrils.

Abstract: 

The axial periodicity of rat arachnoid and dura mater collagen fibrils exposed to 910 MHz for 2 h/day for 30 consecutive days was measured by means of image analysis of electron-optical data. Such measurements were compared with those from sham-exposed animals. These measurements reveal that on exposure, the intermolecular interactions during collagen fibril assembly are affected.

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PMID: 

J Chem Phys. 2007 Mar 7 ;126(9):091105. PMID: 17362097

Abstract Title: 

Denaturation of hen egg white lysozyme in electromagnetic fields: a molecular dynamics study.

Abstract: 

Nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations of hen egg white lysozyme have been performed in the canonical ensemble at 298 K in the presence of external electromagnetic fields of varying intensity in the microwave to far-infrared frequency range. Significant nonthermal field effects were noted, such as marked changes in the protein's secondary structure which led to accelerated incipient local denaturation relative to zero-field conditions. This occurred primarily as a consequence of alignment of the protein's total dipole moment with the external field, although the enhanced molecular mobility and dipolar alignment of water molecules is influential on sidechain motion in solvent-exposed regions. The applied field intensity was found to be highly influential on the extent of denaturation in the frequency range studied, and 0.25-0.5 V Arms-1 fields were found to induce initial denaturation to a comparable extent to thermal denaturation in the 400 to 500 K range. In subsequent zero-field simulations following exposure to the e/m field, the extent of perturbation from the native fold and the degree of residual dipolar alignment were found to be influential on incipient folding.

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