PMID: 

Electromagn Biol Med. 2012 Sep ;31(3):233-42. PMID: 22897404

Abstract Title: 

Enzymatic alterations in developing rat brain cells exposed to a low-intensity 16.5 GHz microwave radiation.

Abstract: 

The present study deals with the effects of chronic exposure of low-level microwave radiation on developing rat brain. Starting at 35 days of age, male rats were exposed to 2 h/day for another 35 days to a 16.5-GHz microwave radiation field. After the exposure period, the rats were sacrificed, and brain tissues dissected out and used for biochemical assay. Results showed that exposure to a 16.5-GHz radiation caused significant changes in the activity of protein kinaseC as compared to the control group. Furthermore, electron microscopic study revealed an increase in glial cell population. These results confirm that brain cell membrane is an interactive site for electromagnetic field causing an inflammation and possibly tumor promotion.

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PMID: 

Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2019 Aug 28. Epub 2019 Aug 28. PMID: 31460790

Abstract Title: 

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder is Associated with Altered Gut Microbiota that Modulates Cognitive Performance in Veterans with Cirrhosis.

Abstract: 

Post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD) is associated with cirrhosis in Veterans and therapeutic results are suboptimal. An altered gut-liver-brain axis exists in cirrhosis due to hepatic encephalopathy(HE), but the added impact of PTSD is unclear. Aim: Define linkages between gut microbiota and cognition in cirrhosis with/without PTSD. Cirrhotic Veterans (with/without prior HE) underwent cognitive testing (PHES, inhibitory control test,ICT and block design BDT), serum lipopolysaccharide-binding protein(LBP) and stool collection for 16SrRNA microbiota composition and predicted function analysis(PiCRUST). PTSD was diagnosed using DSM-V criteria. Correlation networks between microbiota and cognition were created. Patients with/without PTSD and with/without HE were compared. 93 combat-exposed male Veterans [(58 years, MELD 11, 34% HE, 31% Combat-PTSD (42 no HE/PTSD,19 PTSD-only,22 HE-only,10 PTSD+HE)] were included. PTSD patients had similar demographics, alcohol history, MELD but worse ICT/BDT, higher antidepressant use and LBP levels. Microbial diversity was lower in PTSD (2.1±0.5 vs 2.5±0.5,p=0.03) but unaffected by alcohol/antidepressant use. PTSD(p=0.02) and MELD(p

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PMID: 

Cell Biochem Biophys. 2012 May ;63(1):97-102. PMID: 22426826

Abstract Title: 

Biochemical changes in rat brain exposed to low intensity 9.9 GHz microwave radiation.

Abstract: 

Present study concerns with various biochemical changes in the developing rat brain exposed to 9.9 GHz (square wave modulated, 1 kHz) at power density 0.125 mW/cm(2) (specific absorption rate 1.0 W/kg) for 2 h/day for 35 days. Thirty days old male wistar rats were used for this present study. Each group consists of eight animals. After the exposure, biochemical assays such as calcium ion efflux, calcium-dependent protein kinase (PKC), and ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) were performed on the brain tissue. Results of this study reveal that chronic exposure of rat to microwave radiation alter the activity of certain enzymes. There was a significant increase in calcium ion efflux and theactivity of ODC. On the other hand, there is a significant decrease in PKC activity. Since these enzymes are related to growth, any alteration may lead to affect functioning of the brain and its development.

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PMID: 

Front Microbiol. 2019 ;10:1770. Epub 2019 Aug 13. PMID: 31456757

Abstract Title: 

Gut Microbiota as a Subjective Measurement for Auxiliary Diagnosis of Insomnia Disorder.

Abstract: 

Insomnia is a type of sleep disorder which is associated with various diseases' development and progression, such as obesity, type II diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Recent investigation of the gut-brain axis enhances our understanding of the role of the gut microbiota in brain-related diseases. However, whether the gut microbiota is associated with insomnia remains unknown. In the present investigation, leveraging the 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing of V3-V4 region and the novel bioinformatic analysis, it was demonstrated that between insomnia and healthy populations, the composition, diversity and metabolic function of the gut microbiota are significantly changed. Other than these, redundancy analysis, co-occurrence analysis and PICRUSt underpin the gut taxa composition, signaling pathways, and metabolic functions perturbed by insomnia disorder. Moreover, random forest together with cross-validation identified two signature bacteria, which could be used to distinguish the insomnia patients from the healthy population. Furthermore, based on the relative abundance and clinical sleep parameter, we constructed a prediction model utilizing artificial neural network (ANN) for auxiliary diagnosis of insomnia disorder. Overall, the aforementioned study provides a comprehensive understanding of the link between the gut microbiota and insomnia disorder.

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PMID: 

Electromagn Biol Med. 2006 ;25(1):61-70. PMID: 16595335

Abstract Title: 

Protein kinase C activity in developing rat brain cells exposed to 2.45 GHz radiation.

Abstract: 

There is growing concern by the public regarding the potential human health hazard due to exposure to microwave frequencies. 2.45 GHz radiation widespread use in industry, research, and medicine, and leakage into the environment is possible. In order to quantitate this, experiments were performed on developing rat brain. Male Wistar 35-day-old rats (n = 6) were used for this study. Animals were exposed to 2.45 GHz radiation for 2 h/day for a period of 35 days at a power density of 0.344 mW/cm(2) (SAR 0.11 W/kg). The control group was sham irradiated. After 35 days these rats were sacrificed and whole brain tissue was isolated for protein kinase C (PKC) assay. For morphological study the forebrain was isolated from the whole brain and PKC activity was measured using P(32) labeled ATP. Our study reveals a statistically significant (p

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PMID: 

Mutat Res. 2006 Apr 11 ;596(1-2):76-80. Epub 2006 Feb 2. PMID: 16458332

Abstract Title: 

Single strand DNA breaks in rat brain cells exposed to microwave radiation.

Abstract: 

This investigation concerns with the effect of low intensity microwave (2.45 and 16.5 GHz, SAR 1.0 and 2.01 W/kg, respectively) radiation on developing rat brain. Wistar rats (35 days old, male, six rats in each group) were selected for this study. These animals were exposed for 35 days at the above mentioned frequencies separately in two different exposure systems. After the exposure period, the rats were sacrificed and the whole brain tissue was dissected and used for study of single strand DNA breaks by micro gel electrophoresis (comet assay). Single strand DNA breaks were measured as tail length of comet. Fifty cells from each slide and two slides per animal were observed. One-way ANOVA method was adopted for statistical analysis. This study shows that the chronic exposure to these radiations cause statistically significant (p

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PMID: 

Mutat Res. 2004 Jan 12 ;545(1-2):127-30. PMID: 14698422

Abstract Title: 

Radio frequency radiation effects on protein kinase C activity in rats' brain.

Abstract: 

The present work describes the effect of amplitude modulated radio frequency (rf) radiation (112 MHz amplitude-modulated at 16 Hz) on calcium-dependent protein kinase C (PKC) activity on developing rat brain. Thirty-five days old Wistar rats were used for this study. The rats were exposed 2 h per day for 35 days at a power density of 1.0 mW/cm2 (SAR = 1.48 W/kg). After exposure, rats were sacrificed and PKC was determined in whole brain, hippocampus and whole brain minus hippocampus separately. A significant decrease in the enzyme level was observed in the exposed group as compared to the sham exposed group. These results indicate that this type of radiation could affect membrane bound enzymes associated with cell signaling, proliferation and differentiation. This may also suggest an affect on the behavior of chronically exposed rats.

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PMID: 

Life Sci. 2004 Sep 3 ;75(16):1925-36. PMID: 15306160

Abstract Title: 

Effects of broad band electromagnetic fields on HSP70 expression and ischemia-reperfusion in rat hearts.

Abstract: 

Although exposure to broad band (0.2-20 MHz) electromagnetic fields (EMF) is part of the treatment of several diseases, little is known as to their effects on myocardial protein expression and resistance to ischemia-reperfusion (I/R). We exposed Sprague-Dawley rats to either high (H, 10 min/day at 200 V/m, 36.1 microT) or low (L, 2 min/day at 30 V/m, 11.4 microT) intensity broad band EMF for 15 days. At the end of the treatment, myocardial HSP70 was 32 +/- 8% (mean +/- SEM) higher in L (P = 0.01) than in control (C), whereas in H it remained the same as in C. Electron microscopy revealed sporadic ruptures of mitochondrial cristae in H hearts, with no differences in other parameters. Malondialdehyde was increased in treated hearts (P

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PMID: 

J Vet Med Sci. 2011 Mar ;73(3):299-304. Epub 2010 Oct 13. PMID: 20953126

Abstract Title: 

Radiofrequency radiation at 40 kHz induces hepatic injury in Long-Evans Cinnamon (LEC) rats, an animal model for human Wilson disease.

Abstract: 

In the present study, we examined effects of radiofrequency (RF) radiation at 40 kHz on hepatic injury in Long-Evans Cinnamon (LEC) rats, an animal model for human Wilson disease, which is a heritable disease of copper metabolism in the liver. The activities of ALT and AST in serum of LEC rats exposed to RF radiation for 2 weeks were approximately 3.8-fold and 2-fold higher than those in serum of sham-exposed rats, respectively. Although there were no significant differences in hepatic copper contents between LEC rats exposed to RF radiation for 2 weeks and sham-exposed rats, copper contents in the kidney and serum of exposed LEC rats were approximately 4.2-fold and 12.9-fold higher than those in sham-exposed rats, respectively. Relative O₂⁻-scavenging activities in the S-100 fraction of the liver of LEC rats exposed to RF radiation for 2 weeks were 1.6-fold higher than those in sham-exposed rats. No significant differences were observed in activities of AST and ALT in serum and relative O₂⁻-scavenging activity in the S-100 fraction of the liver of normal control WKAH rats that were sham-exposed and exposed to RF radiation. No significant differences were observed in copper contents in the liver, kidney and serum of WKAH rats that were sham-exposed and exposed to RF radiation for 2 weeks. The results show that RF radiation at 40 kHz induced hepatic injury in LEC rats.

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PMID: 

J Alzheimers Dis. 2019 Aug 24. Epub 2019 Aug 24. PMID: 31476155

Abstract Title: 

"Muscle-Gut-Brain Axis": Can Physical Activity Help Patients with Alzheimer's Disease Due to Microbiome Modulation?

Abstract: 

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most common forms of dementia, which cannot be cured at the moment. Therefore, researchers also look for the alternative approaches to its treatment. It is suggested that changes in human gut microbiome mediated by exercise could influence the development and progression of AD and a new term"muscle-gut-brain axis"is introduced. There is much evidence to support this assumption. The gut microbiology is closely related to a wide range of diseases of the nervous system and therefore any negative qualitative and quantitative changes in the composition of the gut microbiota can potentially contribute to the pathophysiology of AD. Research shows that the treatment of intestinal dysbiosis with probiotics/synbiotics/eubiotics can prevent or alleviate the symptoms of these chronic neurological diseases. Studies also point to the positive effects of movement on the health of seniors. A positive correlation can be found between cognitive functions and physical stress, both in the elderly and in AD patients. Even short-term interventions with a relatively low frequency seem to produce positive results, while physical activities can be performed by using relatively simple and cost-effective means. In addition, physical activity can significantly modulate gut microbiome. Thus, it can be concluded that physical activity in humans seems to correlate with gut microbiome, which can prevent the incidence and development of AD.

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