PMID: 

Medicines (Basel). 2019 Jan 29 ;6(1). Epub 2019 Jan 29. PMID: 30699961

Abstract Title: 

Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitory Potential, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of(L.) Link Fruiting Body.

Abstract: 

is a medicinal mushroom and has been extensively used as a folk medicine in East Asia. In this study, the separation of constituents involved in xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitory, antioxidant and antibacterial properties ofwas conducted.The aqueous residue of this fungus was extracted by methanol and then subsequently fractionated by hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and water. The ethyl acetate extract possessed the highest XO inhibitory and antioxidant activities was separated to different fractions by column chromatography. Each fraction was then subjected to anti-hyperuricemia, antioxidant and antibacterial assays.The results showed that the CM8 fraction exhibited the strongest XO inhibitory activity (the lowest IC: 62.82μg/mL), followed by the CM10 (IC: 68.04μg/mL) and the CM7 (IC: 86.78μg/mL). The level of XO inhibition was proportional to antioxidant activity. In antibacterial assay, the CM9 and CM11 fractions showed effective antibacterial activity (MIC values: 15⁻25 mg/mL and 10⁻25 mg/mL, respectively). Results from gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analyses indicated that cordycepin was the major constituent in the CM8 and CM10 fractions.This study revealed thatwas beneficial for treatment hyperuricemia although in vivo trials on compounds purified from this medicinal fungus are needed.

read more

PMID: 

Int J Biol Macromol. 2019 Jun 1 ;130:307-314. Epub 2019 Feb 27. PMID: 30825564

Abstract Title: 

Comparisons of the anti-tumor activity of polysaccharides from fermented mycelia and cultivated fruiting bodies of Cordyceps militaris in vitro.

Abstract: 

A comparison of the anti-tumor activity of CMPS-II and CBPS-II polysaccharides, respectively is obtained from the fermented mycelium and cultivated fruiting bodies of Cordyceps militaris. This in vitro anti-tumor activity is investigated using an MTT assay, immunofluorescence staining, a Western Blot assay, a qRT-PCR assay, and Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining. The experimental results indicate that the inhibition rate of CMPS-II on H1299 tumor cells is higher than that of CBPS-II. With a concentration of 500 μ g/mL, the inhibition rate of CMPS-II and CBPS-II were 54.55% and 34.80%, respectively. Both CMPS-II and CBPS-II can increase the protein and mRNA expression level of cell apoptosis factors Caspase-3, Caspase-9, and p53, while reducing the protein and mRNA expression levels of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), to induce tumor cells apoptosis. The induction effect of CMPS-II was stronger than CBPS-II. These results suggest that CMPS-II is superior to CBPS-II regarding the inhibition of H1299 lung cancer cells. Furthermore, CMPS-II is a potentially useful substitution for CBPS-IIin the treatment of lung cancer and provides new insights into the mechanism of its anti-tumor activity.

read more

n/a

PMID: 

PLoS One. 2013 ;8(7):e69272. Epub 2013 Jul 15. PMID: 23869239

Abstract Title: 

A meta-analysis on the relationship between exposure to ELF-EMFs and the risk of female breast cancer.

Abstract: 

OBJECTIVE: To comprehensively analyze the relationship between exposure to extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMFs) and the development of female breast cancer.
METHODS: Reports of case-control studies published from 1990 to 2010 were analyzed. The quality effect model was chosen to calculate total odds ratio (OR) depending on the data in studies and quality scores. Subgroup analyses were also performed by the situation of menopause, estrogenic receptor and exposure assessment respectively.
RESULTS: For all 23 studies the OR was 1.07, 95% CI=1.02-1.13, for estrogen receptor positive subgroup,OR=1.11, 95% CI=1.03-1.20; for premenopausal subgroup, OR=1.11, 95% CI=1.00-1.23. The results of other subgroups showed no significant association between ELF-EMF and female breast cancer.
CONCLUSION: ELF-EMFs might be related to an increased risk for female breast cancer, especially for premenopausal and ER+ females. However, it's necessary to undertake better epidemiologic researches to verify the association between ELF-EMF and female breast cancer due to the limits of current study, especially the one on exposure assessment.

PMID: 

J Cosmet Dermatol. 2019 Mar 13. Epub 2019 Mar 13. PMID: 30865373

Abstract Title: 

Antioxidant effects of bioactive compounds isolated from cordyceps and their protective effects against UVB-irradiated HaCaT cells.

Abstract: 

BACKGROUND: Excessive free radicals, generated from the metabolic reaction in organisms, have been implicated in many human diseases as well as aging process. Nowadays, many synthetic substances have been developed as anti-oxidation cosmetic ingredients. However, man-made antioxidants often have certain toxicity and side effects, which make their application under strict control. Therefore, more and more researchers focus on natural antioxidants because of their advantages.AIMS: In this study, CE obtained from natural Chinese medicine was used to investigate whether it had antioxidant effect in vitro and repair effect on HaCaT cell damage caused by UVB.METHODS: UV-Vis and HPLC were adopted for qualitative and quantitative analysis of CE. We investigated the antioxidant potential of CE by assessing its ABTS, DPPH•, hydroxyl (OH•), and superoxide anions () free-radical quenching ability. The safety of CE was studied by CCK-8 assay. To evaluate the anti-oxidation effect of CE on UVB-induced damage on HaCaT cells, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and malondialdehyde (MDA) content were tested.RESULTS: Experiment data showed that the CE displayed high scavenging ability: ABTS, DPPH•, OH•, andquenching rates were 88%, 64%, 94%, and 58%, respectively. Furthermore, after UVB radiation (30 mJ/cm), adding CE (50-500 μg/mL) could increase the SOD activity in HaCaT cells and reduce the MDA contents.CONCLUSIONS: All results illustrate that the CE shows significant antioxidant effect on scavenging free radicals in vitro. Besides, the CE can repair UVB-induced oxidant damage by improving SOD activity and reducing MDA content.

read more

PMID: 

Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2019 ;2019:7850863. Epub 2019 Mar 31. PMID: 31049139

Abstract Title: 

Improves Chronic Kidney Disease by Affecting TLR4/NF-B Redox Signaling Pathway.

Abstract: 

may show good promise in protecting against chronic kidney disease (CKD) but the molecular mechanism remains unclear. CKD risk is associated with the Toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor-kappa B (TLR4/NF-B) signaling pathway. Cordycepin is the main component ofand may affect the TLR4/NF-B pathway. Cordycepin was prepared by preparative HPLC. CKD patients were assigned into(COG, 100 mg daily) and placebo (CG) groups. Cordycepin activity was measured using human embryo kidney cells (HEK293T). Biochemical indices, the levels of TLR4, NF-B, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-), and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1), were measured by real-time qRT-PCR, or ELISA kits and or Western blot. After 3-month treatment, cordycepin reduced the levels of urinal protein, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and creatinine by 36.7%±8.6%, 12.5%±3.2%, and 18.3%±6.6%, respectively (

read more

PMID: 

Nutrients. 2019 May 6 ;11(5). Epub 2019 May 6. PMID: 31064103

Abstract Title: 

FermentedExtract Prevents Hepatosteatosis and Adipocyte Hypertrophy in High Fat Diet-Fed Mice.

Abstract: 

Nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases (NAFLD) is characterized by accumulation of lipid droplets in the liver. The objective of this study was to evaluate protective effects of fermentedextract byON188 (ONE) against hepatosteatosis and obesity in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD). Eight-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were fed HFD mixed with ONE for four weeks and its effects on hepatosteatosis and obesity were examined. Although ONE did not change food intake, it reduced body weights of mice at administration dose of 200 mg/kg/day. Activities of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), aspartate transaminase (AST), and alanine transaminase (ALT) as plasma parameters were reduced by ONE in a dose-dependent manner. Hepatic lipid droplets and triglyceride (TG) levels were also reduced by ONE due to upregulation of fatty acid oxidizing genes such as carnithine palmitoyltransferase (CPT1) and peroxisomal proliferator activated receptorα(PPARα) mediated by induction of sphingosine kinase 2 (SPHK2). In epididymal fat tissue, sizes of adipocytes were significantly reduced by ONE in a dose-dependent manner. This is mainly due to suppression of lipogenesis and upregulation of adipocyte browning genes. Collectively, these results suggest that fermented ONE can activate fatty acid oxidation via SPHK2 in the liver. It can also suppress lipogenesis and activate browning in adipose tissue. Thus, ONE might have potential to be used for the development of functional foods against liver dysfunction and obesity.

read more

PMID: 

Food Sci Biotechnol. 2019 Jun ;28(3):865-872. Epub 2018 Dec 4. PMID: 31093445

Abstract Title: 

Protective role ofin Aβ-induced Alzheimer's disease in vivo.

Abstract: 

According to the"amyloid cascade hypothesis", amyloid-beta (Aβ) protein occupied one of the risk factors of Alzheimer's disease (AD).(CM) has been reported to exert anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and neuroprotective activities; however, its activity against cognitive dysfunction has not been studied yet. In this study, the CM ethanol extract was administered with a dose of 100 or 200 mg/kg for 2 weeks, and behavioral assessments were performed for learning and memory function in Aβ-induced AD mice models. Supplementation with CM extract enhanced new route consciousness and novel object recognition, and in the Morris water maze test, CM-administered groups showed less time to reach to the hidden platform compared with the control group. Moreover, the CM extract inhibited nitric oxide production and lipid peroxidation in the brain, liver, and kidney. The present study indicated that CM could have the protective role from cognitive impairment and progression of AD.

read more

PMID: 

Biosci Rep. 2019 Jun 28 ;39(6). Epub 2019 Jun 25. PMID: 31186277

Abstract Title: 

Protective effect ofextract on lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in mice.

Abstract: 

To study the protective effect ofextract (Dong Chong Xia Cao in Chinese [DCXC]) on experimental acute lung injury (ALI) mice.ALI model was induced by intratracheal-instilled lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 2.4 mg/kg) in BALB/c male mice. The mice were administrated DCXC (ig, 10, 30, 60 mg/kg) in 4 and 8 h after receiving LPS. Histopathological section, wet/dry lung weight ratio and myeloperoxidase activity were detected. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was collected for cell count, the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and nitric oxide (NO) in BALF was detected by ELISA, the protein and mRNA expression of nuclear factor-κB p65 (NF-κB p65), inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in lung tissue was detected by Western blot and RT-PCR. The result showed that DCXC could reduce the degree of histopathological injury, wet/dry weight ratio (W/D ratio) and myeloperoxidase activity (

read more

PMID: 

J Cancer. 2019 ;10(11):2415-2424. Epub 2019 May 26. PMID: 31258746

Abstract Title: 

Cordycepin Induces Apoptosis and G2/M Phase Arrest through the ERK Pathways in Esophageal Cancer Cells.

Abstract: 

Esophageal cancer is one of the most aggressive and lethal gastrointestinal tract malignancies, with a poor overall five-year survival rate. Cordycepin, a major compound of Cordyceps sinensis, has been shown to have anticancer potential. This study focuses on the anticancer properties of cordycepin that target esophageal cancer and reveals molecular aspects underlying these effects. In our CCK-8 assays and colony formation assays, cordycepin significantly suppressed esophageal cancer cell proliferation. Moreover, cordycepin induced chromatin condensation in esophageal cancer cells and significantly increased the number of apoptotic cells through activation of caspase cascades, apoptotic signaling, and the regulation of Bcl-2 family members. Cell cycle assays showed that cordycepin altered cyclin-dependent kinase1 and cyclinB1 expression, which resulted in a G2/M phase blockade. Mechanistically, ERK pathway inactivation was involved in the anti-tumor functions of cordycepin. The same results were also observed. Taken together, these findings reveal that cordycepin induces pro-apoptosis and anti-proliferation mechanisms in cancer cells, and may represent a novel therapeutic agent.

read more

PMID: 

Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol. 2019 Dec ;47(1):2737-2745. PMID: 31304798

Abstract Title: 

Green synthesis of gold nanoparticles using aextract and their antiproliferative effect in liver cancer cells (HepG2).

Abstract: 

Hepatocellular carcinoma is the most common liver cancer among different types of cancers.mushroom species traditionally used as an alternative medicine in china for centuries. Gold nanoparticles plays vital role in the development of the anticancer drugs. In our research, we investigated the gold nanoparticles withon the hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells. The synthesized gold nanoparticles stability and integrity was studied at different time intervals. The gold nanoparticles potentially halt the growth of the HepG2 cells at the IC50 concentration between 10 μg and 12.5 μg/ml. The HR-TEM and XRD revealed the size and shape of the synthesized gold nanoparticles. The size of the gold nanoparticles was about 15 20 nm and the shape of gold nanoparticles was face-center-cubic structure. The FT-IR results proved that the gold nanoparticles containhydroxyl and alkynes groups. The gold nanoparticles extract develops ROS and cause damage to the mitochondrial membrane potential in the hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells. The gold nanoparticles extract tends to initiate the apoptosis by activating the Bax, Bid, caspases and inhibits the activation anti-apoptotic bcl-2 in the HepG2 cells. Our results concluded that the gold nanoparticles withwould be an efficient chemotherapeutic drug against the hepatocellular carcinoma cells.

read more