PMID:
J Biochem Mol Toxicol. 2019 Nov ;33(11):e22402. Epub 2019 Oct 1. PMID: 31576639
Abstract Title:
Galbanic acid: Induced antiproliferation in estrogen receptor-negative breast cancer cells and enhanced cellular redox state in the human dermal fibroblasts.
Abstract:
INTRODUCTION: Galbanic acid (GA) is a natural bioactive compound abundantly distributed in Ferula species (Apiaceae), with a wide range of biological functions.METHODS: The present study investigated the anticancer properties of GA in human breast carcinoma MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines using MTT (3,4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. Further, the antioxidant activity of GA was determined in vitro. The plausible mechanisms of action of GA were further investigated using flow cytometry and gene expression analysis.RESULTS: Our study indicated that treatment with GA resulted in inhibition of proliferation and induction of apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 cells. The obtained results indicated that GA has strong cytotoxicity on MDA-MB-231 cells (IC = 48.75 µg/mL) compare to MCF-7 (IC = 56.65 µg/mL) and decrease cancer cell viability in the dose- and time-dependent manner. Meanwhile, microscopic examination and flow cytometry analysis confirmed the apoptosis cell death upon treatment with GA. The gene expression analysis revealed that GA could induce apoptosis-mediated proliferation inhibition in MDA-MB-231 cells through upregulation of bax and caspase-3 and downregulation of bcl2 genes. Besides, the GA exhibited free radical-scavenging activity and enhanced the cellular redox state in human dermal fibroblasts. The elevation of cellular redox status was confirmed byupregulating superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase genes.CONCLUSION: The results obtained in this study indicated that GA could be considered as a promising anticancer agent in breast cancer therapy and a bioactive antioxidant compound to be used in pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries.
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