PMID: 

Food Chem Toxicol. 2019 Dec 5:111015. Epub 2019 Dec 5. PMID: 31812737

Abstract Title: 

Bisphenol A and several derivatives exert neural toxicity in human neuron-like cells by decreasing neurite length.

Abstract: 

Bisphenol A (BPA) and its derivatives, including bisphenols S (BPS), F (BPF), E (BPE), B (BPB), Z (BPZ), and AF (BPAF), are widely used in consumer products. Moreover, they are typically detected in the environment, food, and humans. Previous studies have linked BPA to several health risks, but it is still unclear whether BPA replacements are safe. In this study, we developed an in vitro model based on human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) to explore the potential neural toxicity of these compounds. We observed that the bisphenols affected the viability of hESCs and hESC-derived neural stem cells (NSCs) at high concentrations, with BPS being the least cytotoxic and BPAF the strongest cytotoxic compound. At human-relevant concentrations, the bisphenols did not significantly interfere with gene expression and protein levels during hESC differentiation into the neural epithelium, as well as during specification of neuron-like cells from NSCs. Nevertheless, monitoring of cell morphology changes indicated that exposure to BPA and its derivatives impaired neurite length in neuron-like cells. Thus, our findings provide insights into the molecular mechanisms of bisphenol-dependent neurotoxicity at low nanomolar levels and support the view that BPA substitutes may not be sufficiently safe for widespread use as industrial chemicals.

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PMID: 

Chemosphere. 2019 Nov 27 ;244:125494. Epub 2019 Nov 27. PMID: 31812767

Abstract Title: 

The effects of pubertal exposure to bisphenol-A on social behavior in male mice.

Abstract: 

Puberty is a crucial developmental period for structural modifications of brain and activation of the neural circuits underlying sex differences in social behavior. It is possible that pubertal exposure to bisphenol-A (BPA), a common EED with a weak estrogenic activity, influences social behavior. After being exposed to BPA at 0.04, 0.4, 4 mg kgfor 18 days, the 7-week-old male mice were tested with social play and three-chamber. The results showed that pubertal BPA exposure decreased social play between adolescent males and sociability of adolescent males. Further, pubertal BPA exposure reduced sociability and inhibited social novel preferences of adult males. BPA inhibited social interactions with opposite sex but improved socio-sexual exploration and the low-intensity mating behavior (mounting) with same sex in adult males. In residential-intruder test, BPA-exposed adult males showed a decrease in aggressiveness and an enhancement in prosocial behavior with intruder. Western blot analysis showed that BPA (especially at 4 mg/kg/d) down-regulated the levels of AR in the amygdala and the striatum but up-regulated the levels of DR1 and DAT proteins in the striatum of adult males. BPA at 4 mg kgdecreased the levels of T in the serum and the brain. These results suggest that pubertal BPA exposure affects social play and sociability of adolescent males and even results in long-term effects on social behavior of adult males. BPA-induced down-regulations of the levels of AR in the amygdala and the striatum and up-regulation of the levels of DR1 and DAT in the striatum may be involved.

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PMID: 

J Proteome Res. 2019 Dec 9. Epub 2019 Dec 9. PMID: 31816243

Abstract Title: 

Bisphenol A Activates an Innate Viral Immune Response Pathway.

Abstract: 

Bisphenol A (BPA) is a ubiquitous component in the manufacturing of plastic. It is commonly found in food and beverage containers. Because of its broad exposure and evidence that it may act as an estrogen-like molecule, many have studied its potential effects. Epidemiological studies have found an association between in utero BPA exposure and onset of childhood asthma. Our previous work suggested BPA treated mice induced asthma-like symptoms. Strikingly, these effects were observed in the progeny of exposed dams out to the third generation. To better understand mechanisms and consequences of BPA exposure, we use a proteomics approach. Using both CD4+ T cells from an in vivo model of BPA exposure and an in vitro epithelial cell model, we identified activation of both innate and adaptive immune signaling in BPA. Furthermore our proteomic results from our multigenerational mouse model study implicates aberrant immune activation across several generations. We propose the following, BPA can active an innate viral immune response by upregulating ZDHHC1 and its binding partner, stimulator of interferon-gamma (STING). It also has additional histone epigenetic perturbations suggesting a role for epigenetic inheritance of these immune perturbations.

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PMID: 

Drug Deliv. 2019 Dec ;26(1):1265-1279. PMID: 31777307

Abstract Title: 

Development of dual-targeted nano-dandelion based on an oligomeric hyaluronic acid polymer targeting tumor-associated macrophages for combination therapy of non-small cell lung cancer.

Abstract: 

In this study, the novel carrier materials were screened to structure targeting nano-micelles (named 'nano-dandelion') for synchronous delivery of curcumin (Cur) and baicalin (Bai), which could effectively overcome the tumor resistance. Mannose (Man) was found to bind better to CD206 receptors on the surface of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), thereby increasing the number of nano-dandelion engulfed by TAMs. Furthermore, oligomeric hyaluronic acid (oHA) was able to target CD44 receptors, resulting in recruitment of a higher number of nano-dandelion to locate and engulf tumor cells. The disulfide bond (S-S) in 3,3'-dithiodipropionic acid (DA) could be broken by the high concentration of glutathione (GSH) in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Based on this, we selected DA to connect hydrophobic fragments (quercetin, Que) and oHA. A reduction-sensitive amphiphilic carrier material, quercetin-dithiodipropionic acid-oligomeric hyaluronic acid-mannose-ferulic acid (Que-S-S-oHA-Man-FA; QHMF) was fabricated and synthesized byH NMR. Next, QHMF self-assembled into nano-dandelion, i.e. encapsulated Cur and Bai in water. Critical experimental conditions in the preparation process of nano-dandelion that could affect its final properties were explored. Nano-dandelion with a small particle size (121.0 ± 15 nm) and good normal distribution (PI = 0.129) could easily enter tumor tissue through vascular barrier. In addition, nano-dandelion with a suitable surface potential (-20.33 ± 4.02 mV) could remain stable for a long duration. Furthermore, good cellular penetration and tumor cytotoxicity of nano-dandelion were demonstrated throughcellular studies. Finally, effective antitumor activity and reduced side effects were confirmed throughantitumor experiments in A549 tumor-bearing nude mice.

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PMID: 

Food Sci Nutr. 2019 Nov ;7(11):3751-3758. Epub 2019 Oct 22. PMID: 31763024

Abstract Title: 

seed oil from west Cameroon: Chemical characterization and assessment of its hypolipidemic effect in high-fat diet-induced rats.

Abstract: 

In this study, the in vivo hypolipidemic effect of west Cameroonianvariety seed oil (PE) was assessed in female and malerats. The chemical properties of the oil were evaluated through the determination of the peroxide, iodine, and thiobarbituric acid values, as well as its fatty acid composition using gas chromatography. Results showed that the oil extraction yield was 19.90% and its quality indexes were as follows: peroxide value = 2.10 ± 0.20 meq O/kg; thiobarbituric acid value = 0.25 ± 0.00 ppm; and iodine value = 97.40 ± 0.45 g I/100 g. Its fatty acid composition showed that it contains about 84.88% of unsaturated fatty acid, linoleic acid being the most represented (68.39%), followed by oleic acid (14.31%). The administration of this oil resulted in a significant reduction ( 

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PMID: 

Am J Rhinol Allergy. 2018 Nov ;32(6):491-501. Epub 2018 Sep 19. PMID: 30229670

Abstract Title: 

Cryotherapy for the Treatment of Chronic Rhinitis: A Qualitative Systematic Review.

Abstract: 

BACKGROUND: Chronic rhinitis impacts 60 million Americans and is associated with significant costs for patients. Although medical treatments are first line, some patients require surgical intervention such as vidian or posterial nasal neurectomy. Previous reviews have investigated the role of surgical management in chronic rhinitis, but none have investigated a longstanding treatment with recent interest: cryotherapy.OBJECTIVE: To identify the safety, efficacy, and durability of treatment response of cryotherapy in treating chronic rhinitis.METHODS: A systematic literature review was performed to identify studies that investigated the utility of cryotherapy in chronic rhinitis. Only studies with the primary objective of assessing the efficacy of cryotherapy on chronic rhinitis were included. Patients were classified as allergic rhinitis, nonallergic rhinitis (vasomotor rhinitis), or mixed rhinitis using the original author's criteria. Data were extracted regarding reported complications, treatment efficacy, and length of follow-up.RESULTS: A total of 110 abstracts were identified, of which 15 were included in this review. Epistaxis and nasal obstruction were commonly reported complications. No serious adverse events were reported. For obstructive symptoms,"reduced"symptoms were reported in 63.4% to 100% of patients. In regard to rhinorrhea, reports of reduced symptoms were experienced from 77% to 100% of patients. Seven studies used only patient-reported improvements without stratifying results based on symptom type; general improvements ranged from 67% to 100%. Nine studies noted symptom improvement in nonallergic cohorts ranging from 67% to 97.5% of patients. Four studies noted improvement in allergic cohorts ranging from 63.4% to 80% of patients. Two studies noted improvement in patients with mixed pictures ranging from 92.5% to 100%.CONCLUSIONS: Although cryotherapy appears safe and efficacious, heterogeneous past investigations with low-quality evidence make strong, evidence-based recommendations difficult to make. Further study with validated metrics and controlled populations is certainly warranted and should be encouraged.

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PMID: 

Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther. 2018 Dec ;24:109-114. Epub 2018 Sep 18. PMID: 30240928

Abstract Title: 

Photodynamic therapy for Bowen's Disease (squamous cell carcinoma in situ) current review and update.

Abstract: 

The aim of this review is to provide clinicians with an overview of outcomes in the current literature concerning the use of Photodynamic Therapy to treat Bowen's Disease, also known as Squamous Cell Carcinoma in situ. The review discusses clinical response, recurrence rates, cosmetic outcomes, and adverse effects. Strong evidence shows that PDT is an effective therapy for SCCis with acceptable clinical response rates and lower recurrence rates in comparison to conventional therapies such as cryotherapy and 5-fluorouracil. Furthermore, PDT is associated with superior cosmetic outcomes and is generally well tolerated by patients, with minimal side effects. PDT is especially useful in patients with multiple lesions and those whom are considered to be non-surgical candidates.

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PMID: 

Clin J Oncol Nurs. 2018 10 1 ;22(5):555-560. PMID: 30239519

Abstract Title: 

Oral Cryotherapy: Prevention of Oral Mucositis and Pain Among Patients With Colorectal Cancer Undergoing Chemotherapy.

Abstract: 

BACKGROUND: Evidence remains mixed on the benefits of oral cryotherapy in the prevention of oral mucositis and pain associated with fluorouracil-based chemotherapy.OBJECTIVES: The intent of this article is to evaluate the effect of oral cryotherapy on the prevention of oral mucositis and pain among patients with colorectal cancer undergoing fluorouracil-based chemotherapy.METHODS: Using an experimental study design, the authors randomly assigned 80 patients to either the intervention (n = 40) or usual care group (n = 40). Intervention group participants received oral cryotherapy in the form of ice chips held in their mouths during chemotherapy infusion. Both groups used sodium bicarbonate mouthwash postchemotherapy until the next cycle.FINDINGS: In the usual care group, most participants reported grade 2 (moderate to life-threatening) or greater mucositis. Pain associated with mucositis was lower using oral cryotherapy, with the majority of participants in the intervention group reporting no pain.

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PMID: 

CNS Neurosci Ther. 2018 12 ;24(12):1275-1285. Epub 2018 Sep 16. PMID: 30295998

Abstract Title: 

Brain-selective mild hypothermia promotes long-term white matter integrity after ischemic stroke in mice.

Abstract: 

INTRODUCTION: The neuroprotective effects of hypothermia in acute ischemic stroke are well documented. However, the mechanisms involved in the effects remain to be clearly elucidated and the role of hypothermia on long-term white matter integrity after acute ischemic stroke has yet to be investigated.AIMS: To investigate the role of mild focal hypothermia on long-term white matter (WM) integrity after transient cerebral ischemia.RESULTS: Mild focal hypothermia treatment immediately after ischemic stroke significantly promotes WM integrity 28 days after the occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCAO) in mice. Higher integrity of white matter, lower activation of total microglia, less infarct volume, and better neurobehavioral function were detected in hypothermia-treated mice compared to normothermia-treated mice. Furthermore, we found that hypothermia could decrease detrimental M1 phenotype microglia and promote healthy M2 phenotype microglia. In vitro, results also indicated that hypothermia promoted oligodendrocytes differentiation and maturation after oxygen glucose deprivation.CONCLUSION: Hypothermia promotes long-term WM integrity and inhibits neuroinflammation in a mouse model of ischemic brain injury.

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PMID: 

Braz J Med Biol Res. 2018 Oct 4 ;51(11):e7702. Epub 2018 Oct 4. PMID: 30304134

Abstract Title: 

Cryotherapy: biochemical alterations involved in reduction of damage induced by exhaustive exercise.

Abstract: 

When exercises are done in intense or exhaustive modes, several acute biochemical mechanisms are triggered. The use of cryotherapy as cold-water immersion is largely used to accelerate the process of muscular recovery based on its anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. The present study aimed to study the biochemical effects of cold-water immersion treatment in mice submitted to exercise-induced exhaustion. Swiss albino mice were divided into 4 treatment groups: control, cold-water immersion (CWI), swimming exhaustive protocol (SEP), and SEP+CWI. Treatment groups were subdivided into times of analysis: 0, 1, 3, and 5 days. Exhaustion groups were submitted to one SEP session, and the CWI groups submitted to one immersion session (12 min at 12°C) every 24 h. Reactive species production, inflammatory, cell viability, and antioxidant status were assessed. The SEP+CWI group showed a decrease in inflammatory damage biomarkers, and reactive species production, and presented increased cell viability compared to the SEP group. Furthermore, CWIincreased acetylcholinesterase activity in the first two sessions. The present study showed that CWI was an effective treatment after exercise-induced muscle damage. It enhanced anti-inflammatory response, decreased reactive species production, increased cell viability, and promoted redox balance,which could decrease the time for the recovery process.

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