PMID: 

J Diabetes Metab Disord. 2014 ;13(1):85. Epub 2014 Aug 13. PMID: 25152870

Abstract Title: 

Effects of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields on paraoxonase serum activity and lipid peroxidation metabolites in rat.

Abstract: 

BACKGROUND: Atherogenic effects of ELF-MF exposure have not been studied well so far. Therefore we have hypothesized that ELF-MF exposure might have atherogenic effect by impairing antioxidant function and increasing lipid peroxidation. This study was therefore undertaken to examine the effects of ELF-MF on paraoxonase (PON) activity, antioxidant capacity and lipid peroxidation metabolites. Effects of time on remodeling of antioxidant system were also investigated in this study.METHODS: Seventy five Wistar rats were randomly allocated into five groups as follows: 1) Sham exposure, 2) Single exposure to 60 Hz, sacrificed immediately after exposure, 3) Single exposure to 60 Hz, sacrificed 72 hours after exposure, 4) Fourteen days of exposure to 60 Hz, sacrificed immediately after exposure, and 5) Fourteen days of exposure to 60 Hz, sacrificed 72 hours after exposure. Blood samples were collectedand analyzed. The results were compared using ANOVA and post hoc Tukey HSD for multiple caparisons.RESULTS: Single ELF-MF exposure significantly increased lipid peroxidation (CD and MDA) and increased antioxidant serum activity (HDL, paraoxonase activity, and serum total antioxidant capacity). Chronic ELF-MF exposure increased lipid peroxidation and affected antioxidant system. Free fatty acids levels were significantly increased after both single and two weeks exposure. Chronic exposure led to irreversible changes while acute exposure tended to reversible alterations on above mentioned parameters.CONCLUSIONS: According to the results of this study, ELF-MF exposure could impair oxidant-antioxidant function and might increase oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation. Antioxidant capability was dependent on the duration and continuity of ELF-MF exposure.

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PMID: 

FEBS Lett. 1995 Dec 4 ;376(3):164-6. PMID: 7498533

Abstract Title: 

The phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-induced oxidative burst in rat peritoneal neutrophils is increased by a 0.1 mT (60 Hz) magnetic field.

Abstract: 

Magnetic fields (MF) may affect biological systems by increasing free radical concentrations. To test this, we have investigated whether low frequency (60 Hz) low intensity (0.1 mT) MF can modulate the phorbol 12-myristate 13- acetate (PMA) induced respiratory burst in primed rat peritoneal neutrophils, followed in real time using the dye 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin (DCFH), which reacts with free radical-derived oxidants such as H2O2 (which is formed from the dismutation of superoxide) to become 2',7'-dichlorofluorecein (DCF), a highly fluorescent compound. In the presence of the MF, a 12.4% increase in the fluorescence signal was observed in PMA-stimulated neutrophils (n = 5, P

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PMID: 

Med Hypotheses. 2000 Apr ;54(4):663-71. PMID: 10859662

Abstract Title: 

A theoretical model based upon mast cells and histamine to explain the recently proclaimed sensitivity to electric and/or magnetic fields in humans.

Abstract: 

The relationship between exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMFs) and human health is more and more in focus. This is mainly because of the rapid increasing use of such EMFs within our modern society. Exposure to EMFs has been linked to different cancer forms, e.g. leukemia, brain tumors, neurological diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, asthma and allergy, and recently to the phenomena of 'electrosupersensitivity' and 'screen dermatitis'. There is an increasing number of reports about cutaneous problems as well as symptoms from internal organs, such as the heart, in people exposed to video display terminals (VDTs). These people suffer from subjective and objective skin and mucosa-related symptoms, such as itch, heat sensation, pain, erythema, papules and pustules. In severe cases, people can not, for instance, use VDTs or artificial light at all, or be close to mobile telephones. Mast cells (MCs), when activated, release a spectrum of mediators, among them histamine, which is involved in a variety of biological effects with clinical relevance, e.g. allergic hypersensitivity, itch, edema, local erythema and many types of dermatoses. From the results of recent studies, it is clear that EMFs affect the MC, and also the dendritic cell, population and may degranulate these cells. The release of inflammatory substances, such as histamine, from MCs in the skin results in a local erythema, edema and sensation of itch and pain, and the release of somatostatin from the dendritic cells may give rise to subjective sensations of on-going inflammation and sensitivity to ordinary light. These are, as mentioned, the common symptoms reported from patients suffering from 'electrosupersensitivity'/'screen dermatitis'. MCs are also present in the heart tissue and their localization is of particular relevance to their function. Data from studies made on interactions of EMFs with the cardiac function have demonstrated that highly interesting changes are present in the heart after exposure to EMFs. One could speculate that the cardiac MCs are responsible for these changes due to degranulation after exposure to EMFs. However, it is still not known how, and through which mechanisms, all these different cells are affected by EMFs. In this article, we present a theoretical model, based upon observations on EMFs and their cellular effects, to explain the proclaimed sensitivity to electric and/or magnetic fields in humans.

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PMID: 

Microorganisms. 2019 Oct 16 ;7(10). Epub 2019 Oct 16. PMID: 31623229

Abstract Title: 

Probiotics Prevents Sensitization to Oral Antigen and Subsequent Increases in Intestinal Tight Junction Permeability in Juvenile-Young Adult Rats.

Abstract: 

Increased intestinal permeability is thought to underlie the pathogenesis of food allergy. We explore the mechanism responsible for changes in the morphology and function of the intestinal barrier using a rat model of food allergy, focusing on the contribution of intestinal microbiota. Juvenile-young adult rats were sensitized with ovalbumin and treated with antibiotics or probiotics (and), respectively. The serum ovalbumin-IgE levels, intestinal permeability, histopathological features, tight junction (TJ)-associated proteins, Th2 cytokines, and gut microbiota in feces were analyzed in each group. Sensitized rats showed an increase in ovalbumin-IgE levels and intestinal permeability with gut mucosal inflammation, whereas rats that received probiotics were only mildly affected. Rats given ovalbumin, but not those given probiotics, showed a reduction in both TJ-related protein expression and localization. Th2 cytokine levels were increased in the sensitized rats, but not in those given probiotics. TJs in rats treated with ovalbumin and antibiotics were disrupted, but those in rats administered probiotics were undamaged. Clostridiaceae were increased in the probiotics groups, especially, relative to the ovalbumin-sensitized group. Gut microbiota appears to play a role in regulating epithelial barrier function, and probiotics may help to prevent food sensitization through the up-regulation of TJ proteins.

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PMID: 

Med Hypotheses. 2019 Sep 26 ;134:109410. Epub 2019 Sep 26. PMID: 31627123

Abstract Title: 

Prebiotics and probiotics as potential therapy for cognitive impairment.

Abstract: 

Cognitive functions, such as learning and memory, may be impaired during aging. Age-related cognitive impairment is associated with selective neuronal loss, oxidative changes that lead to microglia activation and neuroinflammation. In addition, it is associated to alteration reduction in trophic factors affecting neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity. In recent years, attention has been paid to the relationship between gut microbiota and brain. In aging, there is an alteration in microbiota, gut microbiota diversity is perturbed with an increase in pathogenic bacteria at the expense of beneficial ones. Dysbiosis may lead to chronic inflammation, and a decrease in bacteria metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids which have been related to an upregulation of neurotrophic factors. Supplementation with prebiotics and probiotics can modulate gut microbiota, returning it to a more physiological state; thus, they may be considered as a possible treatment for age-related cognitive impairment.

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PMID: 

BMC Microbiol. 2019 Oct 28 ;19(1):236. Epub 2019 Oct 28. PMID: 31660868

Abstract Title: 

Aging progression of human gut microbiota.

Abstract: 

BACKGROUND: Human gut microbiota are important for human health and have been regarded as a"forgotten organ", whose variation is closely linked with various factors, such as host genetics, diet, pathological conditions and external environment. The diversity of human gut microbiota has been correlated with aging, which was characterized by different abundance of bacteria in various age groups. In the literature, most of the previous studies of age-related gut microbiota changes focused on individual species in the gut community with supervised methods. Here, we aimed to examine the underlying aging progression of the human gut microbial community from an unsupervised perspective.RESULTS: We obtained raw 16S rRNA sequencing data of subjects ranging from newborns to centenarians from a previous study, and summarized the data into a relative abundance matrix of genera in all the samples. Without using the age information of samples, we applied an unsupervised algorithm to recapitulate the underlying aging progression of microbial community from hosts in different age groups and identify genera associated to this progression. Literature review of these identified genera indicated that for individuals with advanced ages, some beneficial genera are lost while some genera related with inflammation and cancer increase.CONCLUSIONS: The multivariate unsupervised analysis here revealed the existence of a continuous aging progression of human gut microbiota along with the host aging process. The identified genera associated to this aging process are meaningful for designing probiotics to maintain the gut microbiota to resemble a young age, which hopefully will lead to positive impact on human health, especially for individuals in advanced age groups.

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PMID: 

Turk J Med Sci. 2019 Oct 27. Epub 2019 Oct 27. PMID: 31655538

Abstract Title: 

The effect of N-acetylcysteine on inflammation and oxidative stress in cisplatin induced nephrotoxicity: A rat model.

Abstract: 

BACKGROUND/AIM: Cisplatin is a highly effective chemotherapeutic agent used in the treatment of solid organ cancers. Besides its chemotherapeutic effectiveness, cisplatin administration was associated with numerous side effects. Of these, the most clinically significant and common effect is nephrotoxicity. Recent studies reported that oxidative stress and inflamation are probably the most important mechanisms that contribute to the nephrotoxicity. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent. In the present study, the effects of NAC on cisplatin induced nephrotoxicity were investigated. Materials nad Methods: Rats were divided into four groups including eight rats: CONT, NAC-250, CP, CP+NAC. Rats in experimental groups were treated with a single dose intraperitoneally (i.p.) cisplatin (10 mg/kg body weight) and i.p. NAC (250 mg/kg body weight) for three consequitive days. Nephrotoxicity was determined by plasma BUN and creatinine levels. In tissue samples myeloperoxidase (MPO), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) and high mobility group box-1 (HMGB-1), Total oxidant status (TOS) and total antioxidant status (TAS) levels were measured. Kidneys were analyzed histopathologically as well.RESULTS: It was revealed that cisplatin was not effective on MPO, HMGB-1 and NF-kB levels but increased TOS levels and decreased TAS levels in tissue samples, interestingly NAC elevated MPO and HMGB-1 levels significantly. Nevertheless NAC ameliorated histological and functional changes in kidney tissues.CONCLUSION: It is suggested that inflammation has limited effect on cisplatin nephrotoxicity in this experimental design and as reflected by decreased BUN and creatinine levels NAC can be used as an additional therapeutic agent to standard cisplatin treatment protocols.

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PMID: 

Nutr Hosp. 2018 Aug 2 ;35(4):928-935. Epub 2018 Aug 2. PMID: 30070884

Abstract Title: 

[Inhibitory effect of peptide fractions derivatives from chia (Salvia hispanica) hydrolysis againstα-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes].

Abstract: 

INTRODUCTION: biopeptides are amino acid sequences with biological functions about metabolism and carbohydrates absorption.OBJECTIVE: the aim of this study was the evaluation of the inhibitory effect of peptide fractions derivatives of the hydrolysis of Salvia hispanica againstα-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes to know their activity on the carbohydrates metabolism.MATERIAL AND METHODS: the fraction rich in protein was hydrolyzed by two enzymatic systems: Alcalase®-Flavourzyme® and pepsin-pancreatine. The grade of hydrolysis was determined for the samples. The hydrolyzed samples were centrifuged and the soluble portion was ultra-filtered using different cut membranes. The content of protein was determined for each fraction. An in vitro analysis was made, measuring the percentage of inhibition of the Salvia hispanica fractions against α-amylase and α-glucosidase.RESULTS: the enzymatic system showing the highest grade of hydrolysis (63.53%) was pepsin-pancreatine. From the ultrafiltration, five peptide fractions were obtained: 10 kDa, 5-10 kDa, 3-5 kDa, 1-3 kDa and 1 kDa. The highest protein content was for these fractions: 10 kDa and 5-10 kDa, (0.90 and 0.93 mg/ml, respectively) for pepsin-pancreatine. The inhibition percentages obtained were 85.61% and 79.19% for the 10 kDa and 5-10 kDa fractions, respectively, for theα-amylase enzyme. With respect to the α-glucosidase enzyme, the highest inhibition was for the 10 kDa fraction, with 96.91%.CONCLUSION: the peptide fractions obtained from the chia may increase the natural sources for the preparation of functional foods important for the diabetic patient's diet.

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PMID: 

Plant Foods Hum Nutr. 2018 Jun ;73(2):101-107. PMID: 29679358

Abstract Title: 

Peptides from Chia Present Antibacterial Activity and Inhibit Cholesterol Synthesis.

Abstract: 

In previous studies, it has not been reported that protein isolated from chia interferes favorably with antibacterial activity, and reduces cholesterol synthesis. The objective of this study was to determine whether commonly used commercial microbial proteases can be utilized to generate chia protein-based antibacterial and hypocholesterolemic hydrolysates/peptides, considering the effects of protein extraction method. Alcalase, Flavourzyme and sequential Alcalase-Flavourzyme were used to produce hydrolysates from chia protein (CF), protein-rich fraction (PRF) and chia protein concentrates (CPC1 and CPC2). These hydrolysates were evaluated for their antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive (G) and Gram-negative (G) microorganisms. The protein hydrolysates were purified by ultrafiltration through a membrane with 3 kDa nominal molecular weight, for evaluation of hypocholesterolemic activity. An inhibition zone was observed when the hydrolysate was tested against S. aureus, and minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) values were obtained. Peptides from chia proteinwith molecular mass lower than 3 kDa reduced up to 80.7% of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMG-CoA reductase) enzymatic reaction velocity. It was also observed that, independent of the method used to obtain chia proteins, the fractions showed relevant bioactivity. Moreover, the intensity of the bioactivity varied with the method for obtaining the protein and with the enzyme used in the hydrolysis process. This is the first report to demonstrate that chia peptides are able to inhibit cholesterol homeostasis.

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PMID: 

Nutrients. 2018 Jul 19 ;10(7). Epub 2018 Jul 19. PMID: 30029467

Abstract Title: 

Long-Term Dietary Intake of Chia Seed Is Associated with Increased Bone Mineral Content and Improved Hepatic and Intestinal Morphology in Sprague-Dawley Rats.

Abstract: 

Chia seeds () provide an unusually high content ofα-linolenic acid with several potential health benefits, but few studies have examined the long-term intake of-3 fatty acid-rich plant foods such as chia. In this work, we investigated some of the effects of a diet containing 10% chia seeds versus a conventional isocaloric diet for 10 and 13 months on body measurements, musculoskeletal system, the liver, and the intestines of 20 male Sprague-Dawley rats assigned into two groups. The-6/-3 ratios for the control and chia diets were 7.46 and 1.07, respectively. For the first 10 months of the diet, the body parameters and weights were similar, but at 13 months, the bone mineral content (BMC) of the chia-fed rats was significantly higher than that of the controls whether in total or proximal areas of the left tibia. Also, significant positive correlations were found between the age of the chia group and the bone mineral density, BMC, weight of the musculoskeletal system, final body weight, and skin weight. Liver and intestinal examinations showed improved morphology associated with lower lipid deposit in hepatocytes and increased intestinal muscle layers and crypt size in the chia group. This study provides new data suggesting the potential benefits associated with the long-term intake of chia seeds.

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