PMID: 

Biomed Pharmacother. 2019 Sep ;117:109154. Epub 2019 Jul 2. PMID: 31387184

Abstract Title: 

Effect of fatty acids from ethanol extract of Moringa oleifera seeds on kidney function impairment and oxidative stress induced by gentamicin in rats.

Abstract: 

Gentamicin, an aminoglycoside drug, used for the treatment of Gram-negative bacterial infections. Despite its potency against bacterial infections, its clinical use is limited owing to nephrotoxicity effect. However, the study investigated the nephroprotective effect of fatty acids from ethanolic extract of Moringa oleifera seeds (EEMOS) against gentamicin-induced kidney injury in rats. Forty-five male Wistar rats, 100-160 g, were divided into 5 groups as follows: Group 1 (control), 5 rats, received 0.2 ml/100 g/day of propylene glycol orally for 28 days. Group 2, 10 rats, received 100 mg/kg/day (i.p) of gentamicin (GENT) for 8 days. Group 3-5, 10 rats each, treated with EEMOS orally for 28 days at graded doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg respectively after GENT treatment. Twenty four after treatment, five rats from each group were sacrificed. The remaining 5 rats were sacrificed after 2 weeks recovery period from the drugs. The result showed that GENT elicited polyuria, elevated plasma creatinine, urea, and lower plasma electrolytes and creatinine clearance levels. Measurements of 24 h urinary output demonstrated marked decrease in creatinine and potassium levels in the GENT-treated group, whereas sodium level remain unchanged. Also, GENT caused significant decrease in superoxide dismutase andan increase in malondialdehyde levels in the kidney of the rats. Histopathological examination revealed evidence of necrosis of the kidney. Treatment with EEMOS significantly ameliorated the alterations caused by GENT in the plasma, urine and kidney homogenate of the rats. Hence, the mono- and poly-unsaturated fatty acids present in EEMOS were responsible for its renoprotective ability.

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PMID: 

J Med Food. 2019 Sep ;22(9):907-918. Epub 2019 Aug 7. PMID: 31390269

Abstract Title: 

The Beneficial Effects of a Polysaccharide fromLeaf on Gut Microecology in Mice.

Abstract: 

is a natural plant with high nutritional and pharmacological value. Leaves ofcontain a variety of active substances. In our previous research, we had obtained a polysaccharide separated fromleaf, namely MOs-2-a (1.35 × 10Da). In this study, this polysaccharide was administrated daily to 6 week-old ICR mice for 4 weeks. Then, the body weight, immunity, intestinal digestion, and intestinal microenvironment of Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice were investigated. After 4 weeks of feeding intervention with the polysaccharide, the immune and intestinal digestive ability of the ICR mice were significant as shown by the organ index, digestive enzymes, and reduction of serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha and diamine oxidase levels. The polysaccharide could regulate the microbial composition of the intestinal tract in mice by increasing the bacteria that have been reported for antiobesity effects, short chain fatty acid production, and lactic acid production. These findings indicate that the polysaccharide ofleaf might be a promising prebiotic that exhibits health promotion effects.

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PMID: 

J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2019 Oct 7. Epub 2019 Oct 7. PMID: 31517778

Abstract Title: 

Dietary apigenin in the prevention of endothelial cell dysfunction.

Abstract: 

The anti-carcinogenic effects of the polyphenol apigenin (4', 5, 7-trihydroxyflavone) have been amply documented and are currently assessed in clinical studies. Potential benefits against other inflammatory diseases, such as atherosclerosis, are also being uncovered. Following their previous work in the field, Yamagata et al., report in the present issue that"Dietary apigenin reduces induction of LOX-1 and NLRP3 expression, leukocyte adhesion and acetylated low density lipoprotein uptake in human endothelial cells exposed to trimethylamine-N-oxide". Here, the context of this molecular study and its potential for future breakthroughs in cardiovascular pharmacology are discussed.

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PMID: 

Front Pharmacol. 2019 ;10:1002. Epub 2019 Sep 11. PMID: 31572184

Abstract Title: 

Apigenin Inhibits IL-6 Transcription and Suppresses Esophageal Carcinogenesis.

Abstract: 

Esophagus cancer is the seventh cause of cancer-related deaths globally. In this study, we analyzed interleukin 6 (IL-6) gene expression in human esophagus cancer patients and showed that IL-6 mRNA levels are significantly higher in tumor tissues and negatively correlated with overall survival, suggesting that IL-6 is a potential therapeutic target for esophagus cancer. We further demonstrated that apigenin, a nature flavone product of green plants, inhibited IL-6 transcription and gene expression in human esophagus cancer Eca-109 and Kyse-30 cells. Apigenin significantly and dose-dependently inhibited cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis while stimulating the cleaved PARP (poly ADP-ribose polymerase) (C-PARP) and caspase-8 expression. It suppressed VEGF (Vascular endothelial growth Factor) expression and tumor-induced angiogenesis. Pretreatment of cells with IL-6 could completely reverse apigenin-induced cellular changes. Finally, using a preclinical nude mice model subcutaneously xenografted with Eca-109 cells, we demonstrated theantitumor activity and mechanisms of apigenin. Taken together, this study revealed for the first time that apigenin is a new IL-6 transcription inhibitor and that inhibiting IL-6 transcription is one of the mechanisms by which apigenin exhibits its anticancer effects. The potential clinical applications of apigenin in treating esophagus cancer warrant further investigations.

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PMID: 

J Food Biochem. 2019 Sep ;43(9):e12966. Epub 2019 Jul 2. PMID: 31489662

Abstract Title: 

The effect of diosmin against liver damage caused by cadmium in rats.

Abstract: 

A total of 40, male Wistar Albino, 2-3-months-old rats were used and divided into four groups. Control group received the vehicle alone, diosmin group received 100 mg/kg.bw diosmin, the cadmium group received 200 ppm cadmium, cadmium plus diosmin group received 200 ppm cadmium, and 100 mg/kg.bw diosmin for 30 days. Some biochemical parameters (aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and lactate dehydrogenase) and oxidative stress parameters (malondialdehyde [MDA], nitric oxide [NO], superoxide dismutase [SOD], catalase [CAT], gluthatione peroxidase [GSH-Px], and glutathione [GSH]) were analyzed in the samples. Histo-pathological findings were evaluated in the liver. The body weights and liver weights of the animals were measured. The MDA and NO levels and biochemical enzyme activities examined were increased, whereas SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px activities and GSH levels decreased in cadmium-exposed group. There were also negative changes in body weight, liver weight, and liver tissue histo-phathology. Positive improvements were observed in all these parameters evaluated of the group co-administered cadmium and diosmin. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Cadmium is one of the common environmental pollutants. Diosmin is a type of flavonoid found mainly in citrus fruits. It can also be produced from hesperidine. This compound is used for medical purposes and also has strong antioxidant properties. One of the toxic effects mechanisms of cadmium is oxidative stress and causes liver damage with different pathways. This compound can be used as a supporting agent in addition to the main treatment options against liver damage in case of exposure to possible cadmium. This flavonoid can also be taken with food for prophylactic purposes.

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PMID: 

Wiad Lek. 2009 ;62(2):81-6. PMID: 20141054

Abstract Title: 

The influence of low-frequency magnetic field on plasma antioxidant capacity and heart rate.

Abstract: 

INTRODUCTION: Low-frequency magnetic field is widely applied as magnetotherapy in physiotherapeutic treatment. Recognition of positive and negative effects of the magnetic field has been the subject of numerous studies. Experimental studies concern, among others, the effect of this field on the heart rate and plasma antioxidant capacity. The aim of the study was to check whether a time-variable magnetic field of constant frequency and induction affects the heart rate and plasma antioxidant capacity.MATERIAL AND METHODS: The tests were performed on Spraque-Dawley rats exposed to the magnetic field of the following parameters: frequency – 40 Hz, induction – 7 mT, time of exposure – 30 and 60 minutes. The measurements of ECG and plasma antioxidant capacity expressed in the number of reduced iron ions were performed on experimental animals: before, after a single exposure and after 14 days of exposure.RESULTS: A significant decrease of the heart rate was observed after 14 days of exposure. A variable magnetic field of the parameters: frequency – 40 Hz, induction – 7 mT and exposure time of 14 days caused an increase of the organism antioxidant defence, whereas a variable magnetic field of the frequency of 40 Hz, induction – 7 mT and exposure time 60 minutes for 14 days caused a significant decrease of the organism antioxidant defence.CONCLUSIONS: The exposure time affects heart rate, plasma antioxidant capacity and the organism defense ability against free radicals.

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PMID: 

Molecules. 2019 Sep 12 ;24(18). Epub 2019 Sep 12. PMID: 31547271

Abstract Title: 

Effect of Diosmin Administration in Patients with Chronic Venous Disorders on Selected Factors Affecting Angiogenesis.

Abstract: 

Diosmin is a natural compound with a wide range of biological activity, e.g., it improves lymphatic drainage, supports microcirculation, and increases venous tone, and venous elasticity, hence, it is applied in the pharmacotherapy of chronic venous disorders (CVD). The aim of this study was to assess the correlation between diosmin administration (2× 600 mg daily) in patients suffering from CVD and the levels of selected factors influencing angiogenesis, which are involved in CVD pathophysiology. Thirty-five CVD patients were examined. Levels of plasma tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-A and VEGF-C); angiostatin, interleukin 6 (IL-6), fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2); and plasminogen (PLG) were measured with an Elisa assay before and after three months of diosmin administration. The clinical symptoms of CVD were monitored using ultrasound images, echo Doppler assay, visual analogue scale(VAS), and measurement of the leg circumference. The average content of TNF alpha, VEGF-C, VEGF-A IL-6, and FGF2 decreased after the therapy with diosmin in a significant manner; with

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PMID: 

Rocz Akad Med Bialymst. 2005 ;50 Suppl 1:23-5. PMID: 16119619

Abstract Title: 

The assessment of oxygen metabolism selected parameters of blood platelets exposed to low frequency magnetic radiation in cars–in vitro studies.

Abstract: 

PURPOSE: The aim of the study was to determine how free radicals generation in blood platelets exposed to electromagnetic field (EMF) occurring in cars affects the process of these morphotic elements cell membranes phospholipid peroxidation.MATERIAL AND METHODS: The suspension of human blood platelets was exposed to EMF of proper characteristics in a specially arranged research stand. After 30, 60 and 90 min exposure of the platelet specimen to EMF, free radicals generation was measured with chemiluminescence and malondialdehyde concentration according to Placer et al. method. The obtained results were compared with the control values.RESULTS: The increase of free radicals generation was observed after 30 and 90 min exposure of platelets to magnetic field. Malondialdehyde reached the highest values also after 30 and 90 min exposure of the platelets to EMF as compared to the control.CONCLUSIONS: The increase in oxygen reactive species generation under the effect of exogenic magnetic radiation as well as proportional intensification of the peroxidation process determined on the basis of malondialdehyde concentration (the marker of this phenomenon) point to the platelet sensitivity to the investigated environmental factor.

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PMID: 

Tohoku J Exp Med. 2006 Feb ;208(2):133-40. PMID: 16434836

Abstract Title: 

Zinc supplementation ameliorates electromagnetic field-induced lipid peroxidation in the rat brain.

Abstract: 

Extremely low-frequency (0-300 Hz) electromagnetic fields (EMFs) generated by power lines, wiring and home appliances are ubiquitous in our environment. All populations are now exposed to EMF, and exposure to EMF may pose health risks. Some of the adverse health effects of EMF exposure are lipid peroxidation and cell damage in various tissues. This study has investigated the effects of EMF exposure and zinc administration on lipid peroxidation in the rat brain. Twenty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly allocated to three groups; they were maintained untreated for 6 months (control, n = 8), exposed to low-frequency (50 Hz) EMF for 5 minutes every other day for 6 months (n = 8), or exposed to EMF and received zinc sulfate daily (3 mg/kg/day) intraperitoneally (n = 8). We measured plasma levels of zinc and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) in erythrocytes. TBARS and GSH levels were also determined in the brain tissues. TBARS levels in the plasma and brain tissues were higher in EMF-exposed rats with or without zinc supplementation, than those in controls (p

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PMID: 

Bioelectromagnetics. 1996 ;17(5):388-95. PMID: 8915548

Abstract Title: 

Extremely-low-frequency magnetic fields disrupt rhythmic slow activity in rat hippocampal slices.

Abstract: 

Several studies have indicated that weak, extremely-low-frequency (ELF; 1-100 Hz) magnetic fields affect brain electrical activity and memory processes in man and laboratory animals. Our studies sought to determine whether ELF magnetic fields could couple directly with brain tissue and affect neuronal activity in vitro. We used rat hippocampal slices to study field effects on a specific brain activity known as rhythmic slow activity (RSA), or theta rhythm, which occurs in 7-15 s bursts in the hippocampus during memory functions. RSA, which, in vivo, is a cholinergic activity, is induced in hippocampal slices by perfusion of the tissue with carbachol, a stable analog of acetylcholine. We previously demonstrated that the free radical nitric oxide (NO), synthesized in carbachol-treated hippocampal slices, lengthened and destabilized the intervals between successive RSA episodes. Here, we investigate the possibility that sinusoidal ELF magnetic fields could trigger the NO-dependent perturbation of the rate of occurrence of the RSA episodes. Carbachol-treated slices were exposed for 10 min epochs to 1 or 60 Hz magnetic fields with field intensities of 5.6, 56, or 560 microT (rms), or they were sham exposed. All exposures took place in the presence of an ambient DC field of 45 microT, with an angle of -66 degrees from the horizontal plane. Sinusoidal 1 Hz fields at 56 and 560 microT, but not at 5.6 microT, triggered the irreversible destabilization of RSA intervals. Fields at 60 Hz resulted in similar, but not statistically significant, trends. Fields had no effects on RSA when NO synthesis was pharmacologically inhibited. However, field effects could take place when extracellular NO, diffusing from its cell of origin to the extracellular space,was chelated by hemoglobin. These results suggest that ELF magnetic fields exert a strong influence on NO systems in the brain; therefore, they could modulate the functional state of a variety of neuronal ensembles.

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